Evaluation of different observational pain scales for pain assessment during the general anesthesia recovery period in children undergoing dental treatment
10.3760/cma.j.cn211501-20240722-01957
- VernacularTitle:不同观察性疼痛量表用于口腔治疗儿童全身麻醉恢复期疼痛评估的评价
- Author:
Xiuxia HUANG
1
;
Li LI
;
Hedi LIU
;
Meirong ZHOU
;
Jinyan CEN
Author Information
1. 南方医科大学珠江医院临床护理教研室，广州 510282
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Pain;
Child;
General anesthesia;
Dental treatment;
Assessment;
Reliability;
Validity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
2024;40(35):2743-2748
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) Pain Behavioral Scale, the Children′s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS), and the Objective Pain Scale (OPS) during the general anesthesia recovery period in children with oral therapy, and to explore their screening ability for pain risk, so as to provide information for selecting appropriate pain assessment scales for pediatric patients.Methods:One hundred and four pediatric patients with oral therapy under general anesthesia were recruited at the Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to May, 2024. Two researchers observed simultaneously and scored independently using three scales in random order at 15 minutes and 60 minutes after patients arrival at post anesthesia care unit (PACU). Those awake patients also used the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale to report their pain. Internal consistency, inter-rater coefficient, construct and criterion validity of three scales were evaluated.Results:The final sample included 97 patients (50 males and 47 females), with an age of (4.88 ± 1.10) years. At 15 minutes and 60 minutes upon arrival at PACU, the Cronbach alpha coefficients for internal consistency of the FLACC, the CHEOPS, and the OPS were 0.993, 0.980, 0.990, and 0.991, 0.974, 0.989, respectively; the inter-rater correlation coefficients were 0.993, 0.985, 0.998, and 0.985, 0.984, 0.984, respectively; exploratory factor analysis extracted one factor from each scale, and cumulative variance contribution rates were 95.116%, 82.145%, 78.417%, and 89.706%, 67.652%, 75.978%, respectively. At 60 minutes upon arrival at PACU, the Spearman correlation coefficients between three scales and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating scale were 0.621, 0.703, 0.588, respectively; Kappa coefficients of three scales were 0.608, 0.683, 0.520, and area under the ROC curve were 0.812, 0.839, 0.812, respectively.Conclusions:The three scales show good reliability and acceptable validity for assessing pain during the general anesthesia recovery period in children with oral therapy. The CHEOPS performs better in pain screening, followed by the FLACC, the OPS.
