The Role and Mechanism of m6A(N6-methyladenosine)and Its Regulatory Proteins in the Occurrence and Development of Infectious Diseases
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2024.03.1414
- VernacularTitle:m6A及其调控蛋白质在感染性疾病发生发展中的作用及机制
- Author:
Yan-Yan ZHANG
1
;
Min WU
;
Lin LIU
Author Information
1. 遵义医科大学,第一临床学院,临床医学系,贵州 遵义 563000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
N6-methyladenosine(m6A);
methyltransferase;
demethylase;
reading protein;
infectious diseases
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2025;41(5):632-644
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications in eukaryotic RNA,which has a profound impact on the structure,fate and function of RNA.The related proteins that regulate RNA m6A modification mainly include three categories:methyltransferase(writ-ers),demethylase(erasers),and reading proteins(readers).The discovery of these enzymes suggests that m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible process that can influence RNA stability,translation efficiency,and localization by regulating RNA structure.Changes in the structure of RNA directly deter-mine the fate,function and metabolism of RNA,and then regulate cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis,and participate in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases including metabolic diseases and cancer.In recent years,increasing studies have revealed the important role of m6A modifi-cation in regulating innate immune system homeostasis.The immune system is crucial for defending a-gainst infection by bacteria,viruses and other pathogens,and m6A modification regulates the activity and response of immune cells by affecting the expression and function of immune-related genes.This review summarizes recent reports on the biological significance of m6A modifications,the major regulatory func-tions of protein,and how they work together to maintain the homeostasis of the immune system.How m6A modifications affect the expression and signaling of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)and its role in antiviral and antimicrobial immune responses are summarized.This review also analyzes the effects of m6A modification on the differentiation,activation and function of T and B cells,especially in vaccina-tion and autoimmune diseases.Furthermore,the regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification in different infectious diseases,such as viral,bacterial,and parasitic infections,and its potential as a potential ther-apeutic target are also reviewed.The problems and challenges in current research and future research di-rections are presented,including the development of new technology and therapeutic approaches to better understand and utilize the m6A modification in immune regulation.Combined with our own research re-sults,the role of m6A and its regulatory proteins in regulating immune system function and immune re-sponse in infectious diseases is elaborated.By synthesizing the existing literature and our findings,this review aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive and detailed perspective on the recent advances in m6A and its regulatory proteins in regulating immune system function and immune responses in infec-tious diseases,laying the foundation for further research and clinical applications.
