Effects of Different Paces on Lower Limb Dynamics and Compensatory Mechanisms for Older Adults with Fall History During Obstacle Crossing
10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.04.024
- VernacularTitle:不同步速对有跌倒史老年人跨越障碍时下肢动力学及代偿机制的影响
- Author:
Yangmei DONG
1
;
Qinglai ZHANG
;
Ruining LI
;
Zhanling MENG
;
Wenxin ZHOU
;
Chuangye XU
;
Fengying SONG
Author Information
1. 郑州大学管理学院,郑州 450053
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
fall;
old adult;
lower limb joints;
functional compensation;
peak torque;
peak power;
ground reaction force
- From:
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
2025;40(4):971-979
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To explore the peak moment characteristics of lower limb joints,as well as the contribution rate and compensation mechanism of lower limb joints when older adults with a history of falls cross obstacles at different paces.Methods Thirty healthy older adults and 30 eldely fallers were recruited.The Qualisys infrared high-speed motion capture system and the Kistler three-dimensional force platform were used to collect the biomechanical data of the older adults when they crossed an obstacle with a height of 15％of their height at three walking speeds(1.05,1.41,1.74 m/s).The data were then modeled and analyzed using Visual 3D software.Results As walking speed increased,the peak knee extension moment,peak ankle plantar flexion moment,and double peak value of hip flexion moment in healthy group all increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with healthy group,the double peak values of hip flexion moment in faller group were significantly smaller than those in healthy group(P＜0.05).During walking at moderate speed,the contribution rate of the left hip joint in faller group was significantly higher than that of healthy group(P=0.025),while the contribution rate of the ankle joint was significantly lower(P=0.044).The margin of stability in the anterior-posterior direction at the moment of ground contact of the stance leg and the stride leg increased with walking speed(P=0.007,P=0.002).Conclusions Compared with healthy older adults,the elderly fallers have lower peak torque,peak ground reaction force,and dynamic stability in the anterior-posterior direction.As the walking speed increases,the mechanical parameters and the margin of stability of older adults increase significantly,and walking stability is improved.Compared with healthy older adults,elderly fallers usually rely more on the contribution of hip joint movements and reduce the involvement of ankle joints.It is recommended to incorporate fast walking exercises into the daily fall prevention exercise program for older adults,with combination of coordinated training of the hip,knee,and ankle joints.
