Application and mechanism of action of novel nanoparticle adjuvants in mucosal immunization
10.16303/j.cnki.1005-4545.2025.04.29
- VernacularTitle:新型纳米颗粒佐剂在黏膜免疫中的应用
- Author:
Afei WANG
1
;
Qihong ZHANG
;
Yile JI
;
Jiawei LI
;
Shangen XU
;
Kai ZHAO
Author Information
1. 黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆 163319
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
animal vaccines;
nanoparticle adjuvants;
immune effects;
mechanisms of action;
influen-cing factors
- From:
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science
2025;45(4):867-876
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
In vaccination,traditional vaccines are administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously,mainly inducing humoral immunity,with weak induction of mucosal immunity and insufficient protection against respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses.Current research has found that immuni-zation vaccines can effectively induce mucosal immunity through oral or nasal administration,but there is a lack of effective mucosal adjuvants,and there is an urgent need for the development of safe and effective new mucosal adjuvants.With the advancement of nano-adjuvant research,novel nanoparticles have attracted widespread attention due to their good mucosal adhesion,efficient an-tigen-loading ability,biocompatibility,and advantages in immune-enhancement,nano-size effect,tissue-targeting,and slow release of antigens,etc.,and are expected to be used as novel mucosal ad-juvants in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases.To date,significant progress has been made in research targeting mucosal adjuvants such as polymeric nanoparticles,inorganic nanoparti-cles,and liposomes.This paper reviews the application of nanomucosal adjuvants in animal vaccines and their mechanisms of action at home and abroad,and analyzes the physicochemical factors af-fecting the immune-enhancing effect of nanoparticle adjuvants,with a view to providing a reference for the development of novel mucosal adjuvants.
