Simulation of Fluid Resistance at Different Drafting Positions in Marathon Swimming
10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.027
- VernacularTitle:马拉松游泳比赛中不同跟游位置的流体阻力模拟
- Author:
Yaqian QI
1
;
Kaiyang SUN
;
Defeng ZHAO
;
Peng ZHANG
;
Xiangbo FAN
Author Information
1. 上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海 200030
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
marathon swimming;
drafting position;
fluid resistance;
drag reduction;
computational fluid dynamics
- From:
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
2025;40(5):1288-1294
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the fluid resistance characteristics of different drafting formations in marathon swimming using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,and provide theoretical guidance for selecting optimal drafting strategies in competitions and training.Methods Multi-swimmer models were established via three-dimensional body scanning technology,and various formation models(I-,A-,V-,L-,H-type)were created by adjusting lateral and longitudinal distances between swimmers.The ANSYS Discovery Live software was used to simulate the overall resistance of different models and the resistance of individual swimmers within formations.Results The I3-type formation exhibited an overall drag reduction effect,reducing total resistance by 55.21％,whereas other formations increased overall resistance.The V-type formation showed the most significant resistance increase(31.88％).During drafting,the lowest resistance position was the rear position in the I3-type formation,while the highest resistance position was the middle position in the L-type formation.When leading,the fluid resistance of the leading swimmer in the A-type formation was significantly greater than that of an individual swimmer(P＜0.05).Conclusions Longitudinal drafting formations demonstrated superior drag reduction effects,with the rear position in a three-person longitudinal arrangement showing the optimal drag reduction.Considering both tactical considerations and drag reduction effects,swimmers are advised to avoid the middle position in lateral formations.
