Comparative study of six visual disability-related standards in China based on ICF and ICD-11
10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.07.002
- VernacularTitle:基于ICF和ICD-11的中国6种视力残疾相关标准比较研究
- Author:
Xueli LÜ
1
;
Yaru YANG
;
Zhuoying QIU
;
Zhongyan WANG
;
Yifan TIAN
;
Ye LIU
;
Chen LI
;
Di CHEN
Author Information
1. 中国康复科学所,北京市 100068;世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市 100068
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
visual disability;
classification;
grading;
functional vision;
International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health
- From:
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice
2025;31(7):755-762
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To compare six existing Chinese standards related to visual disability,including Disability Assessment and Code for Life Insurance(Insurance Standard),Specification for Ability Assessment of Older Adults(Elderly Stan-dard),Grading of Disability due to Human Body Injury(Judicial Standard),Standard for Identify Work Ability—Gradation of Disability Caused by Work-related Injuries and Occupational Diseases(Work Injury Standard),Standard for Assessment of Disability Grades of Military Personnel(Military Standard),and Classification and Grading Criteria of Disability(Disability Classification Standard).Methods Based on the theoretical framework of International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)and International Classification of Diseases,the 11th Revision(ICD-11),and with reference to World Report on Vision(WRV),this study analyzed and compared five key dimensions of visual disability across the six stan-dards:definition,classification,grading,assessment methods and coding systems.Results In terms of definition,the insurance,work injury,military,and disability classification standards emphasized vi-sual structure and function,focusing on visual acuity and visual field;the insurance and elderly standards incor-porated activities and participation,reflecting the concept of functional vision;the judicial standard lacked a dedi-cated definition of visual disability.In terms of grading,each standard graded visual disability into different lev-els acoording to different functional indicators.In terms of coding,only the insurance standard adopted the ICF framework,while others used non-ICF numeric codes or lacked standardized coding.In terms of assessment tools,the elderly standard employed a customized perceptual and participation scoring system,while others re-lied primarily on vision charts.Conclusion Most current Chinese standards focus on impairments in visual function,with limited attention to activity limitations and participation restrictions.It is needed for incorporating the concept of functional vision,aligned with ICF and WRV,to establish a unified conceptual framework,terminology,coding system for visual disability,and comprehensive assessments that reflect not only impairments but also the impact on daily functioning and en-vironmental interaction.
