The research on the Mechanism of repairing the diabetic foot wounds by the dECM-QCS-Gel complex scaffold loaded with growth factors
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20240731-00434
- VernacularTitle:dECM-QCS-Gel复合体支架负载生长因子修复糖尿病足创面的机制研究
- Author:
Chunsheng WANG
1
;
Yiming ZHONG
;
Huanwei SUN
;
Kedong SONG
;
Xiaowei ZOU
;
Yang SUN
;
Yuanyuan XU
;
Xin TANG
Author Information
1. 大连理工大学附属中心医院（大连市中心医院）手足外二科，大连 116033
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Tissue scaffold;
Diabetic foot;
Printing, three-dimensional;
Exosomes
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2025;45(11):742-751
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-quaternized chitosan (QCS)-gelatin (Gel) composite scaffold loaded with growth factors in repairing diabetic foot wounds in a rat model.Methods:A dECM-QCS-Gel composite scaffold (referred to as GDQ scaffold) was fabricated using a 3D bioprinter. Forty 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were selected to establish a diabetic foot wound model with a diameter of approximately 1 cm. Based on the treatment methods for diabetic foot wounds, the rats were divided into five groups: Control group (no treatment), Exosome group (wound covered with exosome suspension), Exosome+GDQ group (wound covered with GDQ scaffold loaded with exosome suspension), GDQ group (wound covered with GDQ scaffold alone), and Growth factor+GDQ group (wound covered with GDQ scaffold loaded with recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor suspension). The wound healing rate was measured. Histological analysis was performed by HE staining and Masson staining. ELISA kits were used to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-10 in wound tissues from each group. Protein expression levels of MIP-1 and MIP-2 genes were also assessed.Results:The wound healing rate of the growth factor+GDQ group on the 21st d was 94.89%±1.21%, which was higher than that of the exosome+GDQ group ( P<0.05). With increasing repair time, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in each group all decreased, while IL-10 increased in all groups ( P<0.05). Among them, the exosome+GDQ group (TNF-α: 46.54±1.26 pg/ml, IL-1β: 225.79±7.29 pg/ml, IL-6: 142.81±4.02 pg/ml and IL-10: 117.36±0.95 pg/ml, P<0.001) and the growth factor+GDQ group (TNF-α : 40.01±1.64 pg/ml, IL-1β: 209.15±2.98 pg/ml, IL-6: 138.50±2.61 pg/ml and IL-10: 127.66±1.23 pg/ml, P<0.05); The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the exosome+GDQ group were both lower than those in the exosome+GDQ group ( P<0.05), and IL-10 was higher than that in the exosome+GDQ group ( P<0.05). On the 7th d the control group showed the highest expression levels of MIP-1α and MIP-2. All other groups had lower levels, with the growth factor+GDQ group showing the lowest among them. On the 21st d, the inflammatory protein expression in the growth factor+GDQ group had further decreased and remained lower than in all other experimental groups. Conclusions:The GDQ composite scaffold, when combined with bioactive factors, can synergistically reduce inflammation in diabetic foot wounds and promote wound healing. The scaffold loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to the scaffold loaded with exosomes.
