Study on the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom trajectories in preschool children
10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240826-00522
- VernacularTitle:幼儿30月龄时父母教养方式与学龄前儿童注意缺陷多动障碍症状轨迹关联研究
- Author:
Han LI
1
;
Juan TONG
;
Xing WANG
;
Shuangqin YAN
;
Kun HUANG
;
Xiaoyan WU
;
Shuman TAO
;
Beibei ZHU
;
Hui GAO
;
Fangbiao TAO
Author Information
1. 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/安徽省环境与人口健康重点实验室，合肥 230032
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;
Parenting styles;
Preschool children;
Cohort study
- From:
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
2025;46(4):709-716
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the relationship between parenting styles of toddlers aged 30 months and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom trajectories in preschool children.Methods:The subjects were 2 111 children and their parents in Ma'anshan Birth Cohort. Parenting styles were assessed at 30 months of age using the Brief Toddler Parenting Style Questionnaire, which defines parenting styles on four dimensions: warmth and interaction, attention and acceptance, outdoor and social activities, and neglect and restrictions. The Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire was used to examine preschooler's ADHD symptoms aged 3, 5, and 6 years. ADHD symptom trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles at 30 months of age and ADHD symptom trajectories in children. The additive and multiplicative models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of negative parenting styles in children's ADHD symptom trajectories.Results:ADHD symptom trajectories in children included the low-score (48.3%), moderate-score (47.7%), and high-score groups (4.0%). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that negative parenting styles of the father/mother were associated with ADHD symptom trajectories in children ( P<0.05). The father/mother's low warmth and interaction (father: OR=2.07,95% CI:1.68-2.54; mother: OR=2.02,95% CI:1.64-2.48), low attention and acceptance (father: OR=1.94,95% CI:1.57-2.39; mother: OR=1.47,95% CI:1.20-1.81), low outdoor and social (father: OR=1.74,95% CI:1.43-2.13; mother: OR=1.60,95% CI:1.32-1.94), and high neglect and restriction (father: OR=2.09,95% CI:1.67-2.62; mother: OR=2.06,95% CI:1.65-2.56) were associated with ADHD symptom moderate-score trajectories compared to the low-score trajectory group, mother's low warmth and interaction, low outdoor and social, and high neglect and restrictions. Statistically significant association was seen in negative parenting styles of fathers with the high-score group. There was a multiplicative interaction for hostile parenting ( P<0.05). The additive interaction results showed that there was a synergistic effect of hostile parenting, which increased the risk of the high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Conclusions:Both parents' parenting styles influenced ADHD symptom change the trajectories in preschoolers. Negative parenting styles of the father/mother increase the risk of the moderate-score and high-score trajectories of ADHD symptoms in children. Hostile parenting by both parents has a synergistic impact on the risk of ADHD symptom trajectories in children, and the simultaneous presence of both increases the risk of the high-score trajectory of ADHD symptoms.
