Current understanding and challenges of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases
10.3760/cma.j.cn101070-20240904-00569
- VernacularTitle:当前对髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病的认识和挑战
- Author:
Guohuan YING
1
;
Bing WU
;
Xin WANG
;
Hongdan QI
;
Mingying HE
;
Hao QIAN
;
Shangyu WANG
;
Gang ZHANG
Author Information
1. 南京医科大学附属儿童医院神经内科，南京 210003
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Neuro-ophthalmology;
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease;
Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG;
Inflammatory demyelin
- From:
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
2025;40(4):316-320
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
In 2023, new diagnostic criteria were proposed to distinguish myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) from other inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system.With typical clinical presentation and neuroimaging features, the seropositive status of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG (MOG-IgG) is essential for the diagnosis of MOGAD.Advances in cell transfection immunofluorescence assays have improved diagnostic accuracy in the last few years, but there are differences in the positive predictive value of serum MOG-IgG titers in the context of different MOGAD prevalence.Therefore, alternative diagnostic methods need to be further explored, and the clinical significance of low MOG-IgG titers should be carefully interpreted.In this review, the main clinical features, current understanding and challenges of MOGAD were discussed, including uncertainties about the specificity and pathogenicity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodies and the need to identify immunopathological targets for future therapies.Moreover, it is necessary to search for and validate biomarkers that can help diagnose and detect disease activity, and it is important to identify MOGAD patients who need long-term immunotherapy.
