Role of LncRNAs in Liquid-liquid Phase Separation
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2024.12.1299
- VernacularTitle:长非编码RNA在相分离调控中的作用
- Author:
Xin-Ling YANG
1
;
Dong-Dong ZHANG
;
Xiao-Tong CHANG
Author Information
1. 河北北方学院医学检验学院,河北 张家口 075000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS);
long non-coding RNA(lncRNA);
membraneless organelle;
DNA damage and repair;
cancer;
X-chromosome inactivation
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2025;41(3):384-392
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)is the process where intracellular biomolecules rapidly form reversible high concentrations of liquid-phase condensates,resulting in the compartmentalization and the formation of intracellular membraneless organelles.LLPS is involved in various biological processes and pathologic processes,such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers.Long noncoding RNAs(lncR-NAs)have been revealed to be closely related to phase separation.It has become a research hotspot in life science recently,because it provides new insight into the mechanism of lncRNAs.In this review,we focuses on the effect of lncRNA SLERT on the phase separation of nucleolar fibrillar center/dense fibrillar component(FC/DFC)by interacting with DDX21 protein as a molecular chaperone;LINC00657(NO-RAD)forms NP bodies with PUM proteins,which drives PUM protein liquid droplets and inhibits its ac-tivity,and promotes genomic stability;DilncRNA regulates DNA damage response small RNAs(DDR-NAs)and LLPS of p53 binding protein 1(53BP1)in response to DNA damage,and lncRNA LINP1 phase separation droplets bind to Ku protein to promote DNA damage repair;LncRNA SNHG9,MELTF-AS1 and MALR drive LATS1,YBX1 and ILF3 protein LLPS respectively to promote cancer,while GIR-GL and lncFASA act as tumor suppressor genes in cancer development through regulating the phase sepa-ration of CAPRIN1 and PRDX1 respectively;LncRNA XIST drives X chromosome inactivation by LLPS.In a word,we summarize the latest research progress about the functional roles of lncRNAs in FC/DFC nucleolus,genomic stability and DNA damage and repair,cancer and X-chromosome inactivation through regulating LLPS.This paper shows that lncRNAs can participate in multiple pathophysiological processes by regulating LLPS,which is expected to provide a new direction for the treatment of LLPS-mediated diseases.
