Differences and similarities of multimodal magnetic resonance brain imaging in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
10.3760/cma.j.cn371468-20241207-00582
- VernacularTitle:精神分裂症和双相障碍多模态磁共振脑成像的差异性和相似性
- Author:
Yujie XING
1
;
Qitong JIANG
1
;
Zhenzhu CHEN
1
;
Lei ZHAO
1
;
Yunyi HAN
1
;
Yimeng WANG
1
;
Chuanyue WANG
1
;
Qijing BO
1
Author Information
1. 首都医科大学附属北京安定医院，国家精神疾病医学中心，国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心，精神疾病诊断与治疗北京市重点实验室，北京 100088
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Schizophrenia;
Bipolar disorder;
Magnetic resonance imaging;
Functional connectivity;
Fractional anisotropy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
2025;34(6):525-531
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Brain imaging abnormalities are present in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), demonstrating disease-specific changes, yet they also share similarities in certain brain regions or functional characteristics, with SZ potentially exhibiting more extensive brain damage compared to BD. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrated widespread gray matter reductions in SZ, particularly in the prefrontal and temporal lobes. In BD, gray matter thickening was observed in the prefrontal lobes during manic episodes, while a reduction in gray matter was noted in the amygdala and hippocampus during depressive episodes. Both SZ and BD exhibited increased ventricular volume and reduced overall brain volume. Functional MRI studies revealed reduced functional connectivity in the prefrontal and temporal lobes in SZ, with decreased global and local efficiency in brain regions such as the hippocampus and cingulate gyrus. BD showed enhanced connectivity in the anterior cingulate gyrus and the default mode network (DMN). Both SZ and BD demonstrated altered functional connectivity in areas such as the striatum, salience network, central executive network and DMN. Diffusion tensor imaging studies showed decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the corpus callosum of SZ, with a decrease in FA in the left fronto-occipital fasciculus in BD. Both SZ and BD exhibited reduced FA in the uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed decreased concentrations of glutathione, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and inositol in the anterior cingulate gyrus of SZ. In BD, glutathione and inositol concentrations were elevated in the anterior cingulate gyrus, while NAA levels decreased during depressive episodes and increased during remission. Both SZ and BD showed increased levels of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the prefrontal cortex. This article provides a review of the current evidence on the differences and similarities in multimodal magnetic resonance brain imaging between SZ and BD, aiming to offer a reference for future exploration of neuroimaging biomarkers and the neurobiological mechanisms of SZ and BD.
