Expression of Serum SMAD2 and TRAF3 Levels in Patients with Lupus Nephritis and Their Correlation with Prognosis
10.3969/j.issn.1671-7414.2025.05.025
- VernacularTitle:狼疮性肾炎患者血清SMAD2,TRAF3水平表达及与预后的相关性研究
- Author:
Yuyu LIU
1
;
Liaoliao ZHAO
1
;
Yafang SI
1
Author Information
1. 西安交通大学第一附属医院榆林医院肾病内科,陕西 榆林 719000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
lupus nephritis;
small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2;
tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3
- From:
Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine
2025;40(5):136-140,144
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the expression of serum levels of small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2(SMAD2)and tumor necrosis factor receptor-related associated factor 3(TRAF3)in patients with lupus nephritis(LN)and their correlation with prognosis.Methods A total of 150 patients with LN(LN group)and 80 patients with systemic lupus erythema-tosus(SLE)without nephritis(non-LN group)treated at Yulin Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2021 to March 2023 were selected.Patients with LN were followed up for 1 year and divided into the poor progno-sis group(n=61)and the good prognosis group(n=89).Serum levels of SMAD2 and TRAF3 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to identify factors affecting poor progno-sis in LN patients,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of se-rum SMAD2 and TRAF3 levels for LN prognosis.Results Compared with the non-LN group,serum SMAD2(5.34±1.16ng/ml vs 2.98±1.11ng/ml)and TRAF3(91.23±12.58ng/L vs 74.38±11.91ng/L)levels were significantly elevated in the LN group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=14.917,9.852,all P＜0.05).During the 1-year follow-up,the incidence of poor prognosis among the 150 LN patients was 40.67%(61/150).Compared with the good prognosis group,serum SMAD2(6.03±1.02ng/ml vs 4.86±1.00ng/ml)and TRAF3(98.65±10.49ng/L vs 86.15±11.35ng/L)levels were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.015,6.830,all P＜0.05).The independent risk factors for poor prognosis in LN patients were advanced chronic kidney disease stage,elevated SMAD2 and elevated TRAF3,while the independent protective factor was increased estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)(Wald χ2=9.633～16.666,all P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of predicting poor prognosis in LN patients by serum SMAD2 and TRAF3 levels was larger than that predicted by serum SMAD2 alone and TRAF3 levels alone,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=3.658,3.606,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Elevated serum SMAD2 and TRAF3 levels in LN patients are closely associated with poor prognosis.The combination of serum SMAD2 and TRAF3 levels has high predictive efficacy for poor prognosis in LN patients.
