Analysis of the imaging features and influencing factors of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis using optical coherence tomography
10.3969/j.issn.1672-5921.2025.10.006
- VernacularTitle:症状性颈动脉狭窄光学相干断层成像影像学特征及影响因素分析
- Author:
Chunqiao LIU
1
;
Di LI
1
;
Chunyu YU
1
;
Zhongjun CHEN
1
Author Information
1. 116033 大连理工大学附属中心医院(大连市中心医院)神经介入及神经重症科
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Tomography,optical coherence;
Carotid stenosis;
Root cause analysis;
Symptomatic carotid artery stenosis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases
2025;22(10):712-720
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective This study analyzes the optical coherence tomography(OCT)characteristics of patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis(CAS)prior to carotid stenting and the influencing factors associated with symptomatic CAS.Methods This study retrospectively included consecutive CAS patients who underwent carotid OCT examination prior to carotid stenting at Department of Nerolgical Intervention and Nerological Intensive Care,Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology(Dalian Municipal Central Hospital)from November 2022 to November 2024.Patients were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic CAS groups.General clinical data and laboratory test results were collected and compared between the two groups,including age,sex,body mass index,systolic and diastolic blood pressure(measured on the morning of procedure without antihypertensive medication intervention with patient at resting state for over 30 minutes),medical history(including hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,coronary heart disease,stroke,and transient ischemic attack),smoking history,alcohol consumption history,and fasting laboratory results obtained on the morning before procedure laboratory results(including,white blood cell count,red blood cell count,monocyte percentage,neutrophil percentage,lymphocyte percentage,platelet count,blood creatinine,blood glucose,international normalized ratio,D-dimer,total cholesterol,triglycerides,homocysteine,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).Additionally,OCT image parameters were collected and compared between the two groups,including the minimum lumen diameter and minimum lumen area of the target lesion segment,the distal lumen diameter and area of the reference vessel(internal carotid artery),the percentage of lumen area stenosis([reference vessel lumen cross-sectional area-minimum lumen cross-sectional area]/reference vessel lumen cross-sectional area×100%),the lesion length,fibrous cap thickness,lipid arc,and the presence of fibrous plaques,calcified plaques,lipid plaques,white thrombus,cholesterol crystals,macrophage infiltration,microchannels,and plaque rupture.Variables with P＜0.05 from univariate analysis were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to assess the influencing factors of symptomatic CAS.Results A total of 68 patients with CAS were enrolled,comprising 57males and 11females,aged 53 to 84 years with a mean age of(68±7)years.Among them,32 patients were categorized into the symptomatic CAS group and 36 into the asymptomatic CAS group.(1)Compared to the asymptomatic CAS group,patients in the symptomatic CAS group exhibited higher systolic blood pressure([150±23]mmHg vs.[138±21])mmHg,P=0.025).There were no statistically significant differences in general,clinical data,and laboratory test results between the two groups(all P＞0.05).The preoperative OCT imaging parameters comparison between the two groups of CAS patients revealed that the reference vessel distal lumen area was significantly smaller in the symptomatic CAS group([18.67±5.44]mm2 vs.[21.95±5.57]mm2,P=0.017),and the proportion of patients with white thrombus(40.62%[13/32]vs.13.89%[5/36],P=0.013)and microchannels(21.88%[7/32]vs.2.78%[1/36],P=0.014)were higher.(2)A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted using systolic blood pressure,white thrombus,microchannels,and the reference vessel(internal carotid artery)distal lumen area as independent variables.The results indicated that high systolic blood pressure(OR,1.030,95%CI 1.002-1.060,P=0.038),and the presence of white thrombus(OR,3.956,95%CI 1.072-14.600,P=0.039)and microchannels(OR,13.850,95%CI 1.277-150.203,P=0.031)were independent risk factors for symptomatic CAS.Conclusions Compared to patients with asymptomatic CAS,those with symptomatic CAS exhibited higher preoperative(pre-carotid stenting)systolic blood pressure and a smaller distal lumen area of the reference vessel(internal carotid artery),as observed through OCT.Furthermore,a higher proportion of symptomatic CAS patients presented with white thrombus and microchannels.Preoperative systolic blood pressure,along with the presence of white thrombus and microchannels on OCT,are identified as independent risk factors for symptomatic CAS.The conclusions drawn from this study necessitate further validation through large-scale,multicenter,prospective research.
