Research status of cardiovascular disease risk in metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity
10.20039/j.cnki.1007-3949.2025.09.001
- VernacularTitle:代谢健康型肥胖和代谢不健康型肥胖人群的心血管疾病风险研究现状
- Author:
Ying CUI
1
;
Zejiaxin NIU
;
Yang WANG
Author Information
1. 西安国际医学中心医院神经康复三科,陕西省西安市 710075
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
metabolically healthy obesity;
metabolically unhealthy obesity;
cardiovascular disease risk;
adi-pose tissue function
- From:
Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis
2025;33(9):737-744
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Obesity has been recognized by the World Health Organization(WHO)as a global public health issue and is closely associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes,hypertension,dyslipidemia,and cardiovascular disease(CVD).Based on the presence or absence of metabolic abnormalities,obese individuals can be categorized into metabolically healthy obesity(MHO)and metabolically unhealthy obesity(MUO).This review aims to explore the significant differences between MHO and MUO individuals in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms,clini-cal characteristics,and cardiovascular disease risk.Compared to those with MHO,MUO individuals exhibit more pro-nounced insulin resistance,persistent state of inflammation,and ectopic lipid accumulation,resulting in a higher risk of CVD and necessitating active and effective interventions.Furthermore,growing evidence suggests that MHO is not a stable long-term metabolic condition but may transition to MUO;hence,its long-term CVD risk should not be overlooked.This article also discusses the potential mechanisms underlying metabolic heterogeneity in MHO and MUO,including the regulation of adipose tissue distribution and function by genetic and environmental factors,as well as the potential role of li-festyle interventions in improving metabolic health.Future research should further investigate the pathophysiological basis of MHO and MUO to facilitate early identification of obesity-related CVD risk and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
