Advances in the pharmacological mechanisms of monomers from Chinese medicine that target pathways involved in Alzheimer's dis-ease
10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.10.014
- VernacularTitle:中药单体靶向阿尔茨海默病相关通路的药理机制研究进展
- Author:
Chengtian CHANG
1
;
Zhihua LIU
;
Shuaifang CHENG
;
Xueke WANG
;
Qianqian ZHAO
;
Lit-ing GAO
Author Information
1. 河南中医药大学第二临床医学院,郑州 450002,河南
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
herbal monomers;
Alzheimer's dis-ease;
signaling pathways;
icariin;
baicalin
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
2025;30(10):1417-1428
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a preva-lent neurodegenerative disorder,characterized by the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques,the phosphorylation of Tau proteins,and neuronal loss.As the global population ages,the incidence of AD is rising,and there is currently no effective cure.Herbal monomers have garnered interest due to their multifaceted pharmacological effects and low toxicity.This paper aims to provide a comprehen-sive overview of the mechanisms of Nrf2,NF-κB,PI3K/Akt,MAPK and other signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of AD.It also explores the modu-lation of these pathways by various TCM mono-mers,such as leptomeningine and tanshinone ⅡA,and details the research progress to date.For in-stance,Leptosine has been shown to activate Nrf2,thereby reducing oxidative stress,while Tanshinone ⅡA has been observed to inhibit the NF-κB path-way,leading to a reduction in inflammation.Not-withstanding the encouraging indications for the treatment of AD with TCM monomers,there are several challenges that must be addressed.Firstly,the precise mechanism of action remains to be ful-ly elucidated.Secondly,there are significant chal-lenges related to pharmacokinetics and bioavailabil-ity.Thirdly,the sample size of clinical studies is lim-ited and of variable quality.Fourthly,the quality control process is complex.Finally,interactions with other drugs must be taken into account.
