The mechanism of polygonatum polysaccharide inducing the differ-entiation of tendon stem cells into chondrocytes through TGF-β3/Smad2 signaling pathway
10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.10.009
- VernacularTitle:黄精多糖通过TGF-β3/Smad2信号通路诱导肌腱干细胞向软骨细胞分化的机制研究
- Author:
Junjie CHEN
1
;
Dujiang YANG
;
Jiayang HE
;
Xintong YUAN
;
Yingqi LIU
;
Jiexiang YANG
;
Guoyou WANG
;
Teng PENG
;
Huarui SHEN
Author Information
1. 西南医科大学附属中医医院关节外科,泸州 646000,四川
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cartilage injury;
polysaccharides from polygonatum;
TGF-β3/Smad2 signalling pathway;
tendon stem cells;
chondrogenic induction
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
2025;30(10):1374-1382
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ABSTRCT AIM:To verify the effect of polygona-tum polysaccharide(PSP)combined with TGF-β3 in inducing the differentiation of rat tendon-derived stem cells(TDSCs)into chondrocytes by activating the TGF-β3/Smad2 pathway.METHODS:TDSCs were extracted from rat tail tendons using enzyme digestion,purified,passaged,and identified via flow cytometry.TDSCs were treated with different concentrations of PSP,and the optimal growth con-centration was determined using the CCK-8 assay.TDSCs were divided into four groups:PSP,TGF-β3,PSP+TGF-β3,and Control for differentiation induc-tion.Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated using morphological observations,toluidine blue staining,immunofluorescence staining,and West-ern blot analysis to detect COLⅡ,SOX9,and AGG.Western blot was also used to measure the expres-sion levels of Smad2 and p-Smad2 to evaluate the activation of the TGF-β3/Smad2 pathway after chondrogenic induction.RESULTS:Flow cytometry analysis showed that TDSCs highly expressed CD90 and CD29,while CD11b and CD45 expression was low.The CCK-8 assay indicated that 5 μmol/L PSP was the optimal intervention dose.Toluidine blue staining revealed that the blue staining area in the PSP,PSP+TGF-β3,and TGF-β3 groups was larger compared to the Control group.Immunofluores-cence analysis demonstrated that COLⅡ expression was significantly increased in the PSP,TGF-β3,and PSP+TGF-β3 groups,with the highest expression in the PSP+TGF-β3 group(P＜0.05).Western blot analy-sis showed that the levels of p-Smad2/Smad2,COLⅡ,SOX9,and AGG were elevated in the PSP,TGF-β3,and PSP+TGF-β3 groups,with the highest ex-pression in the PSP+TGF-β3 group(P＜0.05).Compared to the Control group,the TGF-β3 and PSP groups also showed significantly increased expression(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:PSP promotes the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of TDSCs,possibly by activating the TGF-β3/Smad2 pathway.
