Residual risk estimates of transfusion transmissible hepatitis B,hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus using P-WP model in Yantai,China,2018 through 2022
10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.05.020
- VernacularTitle:运用流行率-窗口期模型对烟台地区2018-2022年经输血传播的乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和人类免疫缺陷病毒残余风险的评估
- Author:
Xintang SHEN
1
;
Hewei SONG
;
Jiali QU
;
Min ZHOU
;
Xiaoli WU
;
Xiaohua WANG
Author Information
1. 山东省烟台市中心血站检验科,山东 烟台 264003
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
voluntary blood donors;
residual risk;
transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases;
hepatitis B virus;
hepatitis C virus;
human immunodeficiency virus
- From:
Journal of Capital Medical University
2025;46(5):898-906
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective Estimating the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases in voluntary blood donors is crucial for monitoring blood safety.and to analyze the evolution trend over a five-year period in Yantai,Shandong Province.Methods This study retrospectively reviewed screening data from Yantai Central Blood Station between 2018 and 2022.We compared the positivity rates between first-time and repeat donors,calculated the prevalence of each virus,and estimated the residual risk using the prevalence-window period model.Meanwhile,the age characteristics of all positive donors were analyzed.Results Over the five-year period,a total of 320 016 individuals donated blood.The overall reaction rate of transfusion-transmitted diseases was 0.165%,with HBV(0.129%)being the most common.The positivity rate among first-time donors[P(FTDs)](0.310%)was significantly higher than that among repeat donors[P(RDs)](0.054%)(χ2=312.783,P<0.05).The serological residual risks for HBV,HCV,and HIV were 1∶188 090,1∶1 042 805,and 1∶392 995,respectively.During the five-year period,they decreased from 1∶129 495 to 1∶390 011,from 1∶697 002 to 1∶1 145 826,and from 1∶684 109 to 1∶1 067 317,respectively.The residual risks of HCV and HIV after NAT were 1∶22 369 329 and 1∶6 639 965,respectively,which were significantly reduced by 21.5-fold and 16.9-fold,and decreased steadily during the study period.Among the HBV-DNA(+)donors,61.8%(68/110)were RDs,and the residual risk was 1∶65 350.Conclusion This study demonstrates the remarkable effectiveness of introducing nucleic acid amplification technology(NAT)in reducing the residual risk of HBV,HCV,and HIV,particularly for HCV and HIV.The residual risk for HBV remains higher compared to HCV and HIV due to the discovery of occult HBV infections(OBI).Therefore,a crucial step toward further reducing this residual risk is the use of more sensitive reagents and detection platforms.Furthermore,implementing effective long-term incentive mechanisms and strategic planning to increase the proportion of repeat donors(RDs)is critical for enhancing transfusion safety.
