The Role and Regulatory Mechanism of Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Fiber Type Transformation of Skeletal Muscle
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2024.12.1248
- VernacularTitle:线粒体稳态在骨骼肌纤维类型转换中的作用及调控机制
- Author:
Zi-Yi ZHANG
1
;
Jun-Nan SHEN
1
;
Wei-Jun PANG
1
Author Information
1. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院动物脂肪沉积与肌肉发育实验室,陕西杨凌 712100
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
transformation of skeletal muscle fiber types;
mitochondria homeostasis;
glucose metabo-lism;
fatty acid metabolism
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2025;41(2):190-200
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic and endocrine organ in the body.As the basic unit of skeletal muscle,muscle fiber has high plasticity.Skeletal muscle fibers are mainly divided into oxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers,and muscle fibers type is an important factor affecting the contraction and energy metabolism of skeletal muscle.Understanding the molecular mechanism regulating skeletal muscle fiber type conversion is of great significance for regulating skeletal muscle-related diseases.Mitochondria is the energy factory of cell life activities,and the characteristics of mitochondria,namely the content,shape and distribution of mitochondria,are closely related to the function of mitochondria.The mitochon-drial characteristics of various types of muscle fiber are different,which is related to the difference of en-ergy metabolism of different muscle fiber types.Mitochondrial homeostasis is a dynamic equilibrium process,which is usually regulated by mitochondrial biogenesis,mitochondrial fusion and fission,mito-chondrial autophagy and other processes.These processes not only affect the morphology and quantity of mitochondria,but also affect the metabolic balance of glucose and fatty acids in the body.Many studies have also shown that mitochondria-mediated changes in the substrates of energy metabolism of skeletal muscle affect the type conversion process of skeletal muscle fiber.Exercise is a non-drug treatment that can generally promote the formation of oxidized muscle fibers by maintaining skeletal muscle mitochondri-al homeostasis.In this paper,the mitochondrial characteristics of different types of skeletal muscle fibers and the role of maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in regulating muscle fiber type conversion were re-viewed.On this basis,the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial involvement in PGC1α,Ca2+and ROS signaling pathways mediated by fiber type conversion of skeletal muscle was summarized.Mitochondria are the energy factories of skeletal muscle,and targeted intervention through understanding their regulato-ry mechanism may be a new direction for the treatment of skeletal muscle-related diseases in the future.
