Concern about the prevention and treatment of parathyromegaly
10.3760/cma.j.cn115807-20250527-00145
- VernacularTitle:关注甲状旁腺肿大的防治
- Author:
Yuanyin XI
1
;
Pu QIU
1
;
Lingquan KONG
1
;
Yixiao FENG
1
;
Xiang ZHANG
1
;
Yuanyuan WANG
1
;
Hongyuan LI
1
;
Guosheng REN
1
;
Kainan WU
1
Author Information
1. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院乳腺甲状腺外科，重庆 400016
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Parathyromegaly;
Vitamin D insufficiency;
Calcium intake insufficiency;
Negative calcium balance;
Parathyroid hyperfunction;
Hyperparathyroidism;
Oral calci
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endocrine Surgery
2025;19(4):482-486
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Parathyromegaly refers to chronic enlargement of the parathyroid glands caused by multiple etiological factors. Pathological conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hyperfunction, parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid cysts, and parathyroid carcinoma may all lead to parathyromegaly. Notably, calcium intake insufficiency and/or vitamin D insufficiency (CVI), which is the predominant etiology of parathyromegaly, now has been recognized as a global public health challenge. Chronic CVI induces negative calcium balance and relative low serum calcium level, stimulating compensatory parathyroid hyperplasia and enlargement. This progression triggers parathyroid hyperfunction and secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in bone mass loss, height reduction, kyphosis, osteoporosis, pathological fractures, metastatic vascular calcification and systemic abnormal calcium migration and calcinosis (such as urolithiasis). During the early stages of parathyromegaly, the condition remains preventable and treatable; However, delayed intervention may lead to irreversible tertiary hyperparathyroidism. CVI-associated parathyromegaly exhibits high prevalence and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, representing a critically underrecognized clinical entity. This article will systematically discuss the etiology, pathological characteristics, clinical consequences, and prevention and control strategies for CVI-related parathyromegaly.
