Study on sex-related growth difference in the live birth cycle of single embryo transfer by IVF/ICSI
10.3760/cma.j.cn101441-20240707-00241
- VernacularTitle:体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射单胚胎移植活产周期的性别相关生长差异研究
- Author:
Aiyu ZHANG
1
;
Dongmei WANG
1
;
Shuai JIANG
1
;
Shengning ZHANG
1
Author Information
1. 烟台市烟台山医院生殖医学中心，烟台264001
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Single embryo transfer;
Embryonic development;
Human chorionic gonadotropin;
Sex factors;
Singleton live births;
Sex-related growth difference
- From:
Chinese Journal of Reproduction and Contraception
2024;44(11):1138-1145
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To study the sex-related growth difference (SRGD) of embryo morphological parameters and early serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level in single embryo transfer (SET) singleton live birth cycles.Methods:A retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of patients with fresh and frozen non-donor, SET, and singleton live birth cycles from January 2020 to December 2022 in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Yantaishan Hospital ( n=311), and the neonatal sex group was grouped by gender, with 154 cases in the male infant group and 157 cases in the female infant group. The embryo transfer stage (93 cases in cleavage stage, 218 cases in blastocysts) and embryo quality (250 cases in the good-quality embryo group and 61 cases in the non-good-quality embryo group) were analyzed by subgroup stratification. Univariate and binary logistic/stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze whether there were embryonic morphological parameters and early β-hCG levels in the embryonic development stage and early pregnancy. Results:Univariate analysis showed that the general data matching of patients, such as parents' age, body mass index, embryo transfer stage, embryo quality, insemination method, and cycle type were comparable (all P>0.05). Univariate analysis of sex-related morphological parameters showed that the number of cells on the day 2 (D2) embryo in the male infant group (4.25±0.94) was larger than that in the female infant group (3.98±0.84, P=0.007). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo was positively correlated with the number of live-born males ( OR=1.428, 95% CI: 1.052-1.938, P=0.022). Subgroup analysis of blastocysts showed that the number of cells on D2 embryo ( OR=1.522, P=0.021) and blastocyst expansion ( OR=2.969, P=0.029) were positively correlated with live-born males. The early β-hCG level in the male infant group [776.40 (521.95, 1 127.25) U/L] was higher than that in the female infant group [634.60 (425.80, 973.05) U/L, P=0.003], and it was related to the embryo transfer period ( β=0.139, P=0.012) and embryo quality ( β=0.136, P=0.014). In the stratified analysis of different embryo stages and quality subgroups, β-hCG levels in male infant group during the cleavage stage, blastocyst stage, and high-quality embryos [677.20 (462.63, 1 028.50) U/L, 838.30 (557.50, 1 191.00) U/L, 816.00 (563.95, 1 199.75) U/L] were higher than those in female infant group [538.40 (344.80, 804.80) U/L, 724.95 (446.83, 1 016.75) U/L, 651.40 (431.30, 985.73) U/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.041, P=0.044, P=0.001). Subgroup regression analysis of blastocysts showed that β-hCG level was positively correlated with higher blastocyst expansion ( β=0.162, P=0.010) and higher trophectoderm grade ( β=0.344, P<0.001). Conclusion:In the single live birth cycle of SET, the number of D2 embryo cells and the early β-hCG level of male infants were higher than those of female infants, and the expansion degree of blastocyst is related to sex, and there is SRGD.
