Establishment of reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women in six provinces of China and its relationship with thyroid disease risk
10.3760/cma.j.cn231583-20250112-00027
- VernacularTitle:基于我国6个省份孕妇血清碘参考区间的建立及与甲状腺疾病风险的关系研究
- Author:
Mengxue DU
1
;
Hongmei SHEN
;
Fengfeng ZHANG
;
Weidong LI
;
Ling ZHANG
;
Zhihui CHEN
;
Xiaofeng WANG
;
Liangjing SHI
;
Yan ZHANG
;
Lixiang LIU
Author Information
1. 哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心，哈尔滨 150081
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Pregnant women;
Serum;
Iodine;
Reference interval;
Individual iodine nutrition;
Thyroid function
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2025;44(7):525-529
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function and to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Methods:From July 2022 to October 2023, using cross-sectional survey method, pregnant women aged 18 to 48 years old who had lived in iodine-deficient areas in the six provinces of China (Shanxi Province, Fujian Province, Yunnan Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province, and Anhui Province) for more than six months were selected as the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected, serum iodine was tested, and the percentile method was used to establish a reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function. Meanwhile, serum levels of free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were tested, and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid disease risk.Results:A total of 1 409 pregnant women from 6 provinces were investigated, including 1 087 with normal thyroid function and 322 with abnormal thyroid function. The median serum iodine level of pregnant women with normal thyroid function was 79.74 μg/L, and the preliminary reference interval for serum iodine was 47.57 - 128.96 μg/L. When serum iodine levels were lower (< 47.57 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis ( OR = 4.44, 2.91, 3.41, 41.67, 23.43, P < 0.05). When serum iodine levels were high (> 128.96 μg/L), pregnant women had a significantly increased risk of developing hyperthyroidism ( OR = 9.91, P = 0.001). Conclusions:The reference interval for serum iodine of pregnant women with normal thyroid function is successfully established. Low serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of TgAb positivity, TPOAb positivity, hypothyroxinemia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis, while high serum iodine levels are associated with an increased risk of hyperthyroidism.
