Exploration of the Microglia Function and Its Mechanism in Mouse Models of Autism
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2025.05.1075
- VernacularTitle:孤独症小鼠模型中小胶质细胞作用机制探讨
- Author:
Wei-Yan WU
1
;
Xie HE
;
Jiang-Hong HE
Author Information
1. 南通大学神经再生重点实验室暨神经再生协同创新中心,江苏南通 226001
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
autism spectrum disorder(ASD);
autism animal model;
microglia;
neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2025;41(8):1106-1114
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction,communication,and repetitive behaviors.Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroimmune inflammatory responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of ASD.Within the central nervous system,microglia,as the key innate immune cells,play a pivotal role in shaping the neu-roimmune inflammatory microenvironment.This review systematically synthesizes findings regarding alter-ations in microglial number and morphology across two major categories of ASD mouse models,consider-ing both genetic and environmental dimensions.Specifically,it examines changes in dendritic spine den-sity and neurotransmission function in gene mutation-induced models and environmentally triggered mod-els,such as maternal immune activation models.Furthermore,this article highlights comparative analy-ses of shared mechanisms,including the interleukin-17 receptor A signaling pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway,between MIA models and genetically induced BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J mouse models.Building on these insights,the review elaborates on cytokine dysregulation in abnormally activated microglia,mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction,and elevated reactive oxygen species levels within ASD mouse brains,elucidating their implications for cellular function.Finally,the article summarizes how microglia influence neurodevelopment through neurogenesis and synaptic formation and function,exploring potential pathways underlying autism-like behavioral phenotypes and identifying novel therapeutic targets for clinical ASD intervention.
