Epidemiological characteristics of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years in ten provinces of China
10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2025.03.006
- VernacularTitle:我国10省幼儿园5～6岁儿童近视和近视前期流行特征
- Author:
Mengli TANG
1
;
Yang LIU
;
Ran QIN
;
Xin GUO
;
Hongtian LI
Author Information
1. 北京大学生育健康研究所/国家卫生健康委员会生育健康重点实验室(北京大学公共卫生学院),北京 100191;北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京 100191
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Preschool children;
Myopia;
Pre-myopia;
Mydriatics;
Refraction,ocular
- From:
Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences)
2025;57(3):442-447
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To describe the prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years in ten provinces or municipalities(hereinafter referred to as province)of China,and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of myopia,and the allocation of related health re-sources.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select preschool children aged 5-6 years from 21 cities in 10 provinces(including 8 provinces and 2 municipalities)in China.Cycloplegic autorefraction was conducted.The distribution of myopia and pre-myopia was described using frequencies and percenta-ges.The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia between regions with different varying economic development levels and between boys and girls,with a significance level of α=0.05.Results:A total of 12 926 preschool children aged 5-6 years were sur-veyed.The myopia prevalence was 5.5％,and the overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia was 43.4％.Boys had higher rates of myopia and overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia than girls(5.7％vs.5.2％,46.4％vs.40.1％),though the difference in myopia prevalence was not statistical-ly significant.Stratified analysis by the province,there was no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of myopia between boys and girls in any province(P＞0.05),but in 8 provinces,the preva-lence of myopia in boys was slightly higher than in girls.The overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia in boys was higher than in girls across all the 10 provinces,with 5 provinces showing statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).The investigated areas were divided into two categories,relatively more-developed areas and relatively less-developed areas,based on per capita gross domestic product(GDP).In 6 provinces,there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of myopia between the two categories of areas.In 2 provinces,the prevalence was higher in relatively more-developed areas,and in 2 provinces,it was higher in relatively less-developed areas.In 4 provinces,there was no statisti-cally significant difference in the overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia between the two categories of areas with relatively more-developed and relatively less-developed areas.In 3 provinces,the preva-lence was higher in relatively more-developed areas,and in 3 provinces,it was higher in relatively less-developed areas.Conclusion:The prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years is relatively high.Boys show higher overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia than girls,but there is no significant difference in the prevalence of myopia.There is no consistent association be-tween the level of economic development and the incidence of myopia and pre-myopia in each province.
