Epigenetic Regulation and Treatment of HIV Infection:Advances and Challenges
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2024.03.1236
- VernacularTitle:HIV感染的表观遗传调控及治疗:研究进展与挑战
- Author:
Jiang-Kai DUAN
1
;
Liang CHEN
1
Author Information
1. 武汉大学生命科学学院生物化学与分子生物学系,武汉 430072
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
human immunodeficiency virus(HIV);
HIV latency;
epigenetic regulation;
signaling pathway;
antiviral treatment of HIV
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2025;41(5):664-677
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Currently,acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)has emerged as a global public health crisis that profoundly compromises human immune defenses.By systematically dismantling the im-mune system,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)renders individuals vulnerable to opportunistic in-fections and malignancies,ultimately culminating in AIDS progression.It is urgent to eradicate the latent HIV virus and achieve a functional cure,thus limiting the development of AIDS and improving the quality of patients.Epigenetics investigates heritable alterations in gene expression that occur independently of DNA sequence.The intricate regulation of HIV gene expression is orchestrated through multifaceted epi-genetic mechanisms involving both viral and host factors.Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms asso-ciated with HIV infection is crucial for clearing latent viruses and achieving control and treatment of AIDS in the future.Therefore,we will discuss the epigenetic regulatory patterns and mechanisms involved in HIV infection,particularly emphasize on four principal mechanisms:DNA methylation,histone modifica-tion,non-coding RNA regulation and RNA modification.We comprehensively analyze how these regula-tory factors influence the viral life cycle,particularly regarding latency establishment,reactivation dy-namics,and persistent infection maintenance.Furthermore,we delineate the interplay between epigenet-ic regulators and key cellular signaling pathways during HIV pathogenesis.The review culminates in a critical appraisal of recent breakthroughs and persistent challenges in epigenetics-based therapeutic strate-gies,while highlighting innovative approaches for functional cure development.By elucidating the pivotal role of epigenetic regulation in HIV latency,this review aims to establish a novel theoretical foundation and innovative research directions for next-generation AIDS therapeutics rooted in epigenetic modifica-tion.
