Diagnosis, management, and prognosis of ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants under three months of age: an analysis of 94 cases
10.3760/cma.j.cn113903-20240929-00652
- VernacularTitle:胎儿/3月龄内婴儿卵巢囊肿的诊治及预后：94例分析
- Author:
Yuan CAI
1
;
Runwu SUN
1
;
Wei LU
1
;
Lei YU
1
;
Linling GUI
1
Author Information
1. 华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院新生儿外科，武汉 430016
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Fetus;
Infant;
Ovarian cyst;
Management strategy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
2025;28(8):633-637
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate prenatal and postnatal management strategies for ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants under three months of age.Methods:This retrospective analysis included 94 cases managed at Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (December 2013 to December 2023) with prenatal/postnatal imaging, management, and outcomes data. Cysts were stratified by diameter: <3 cm ( n=44), 3-4 cm ( n=19), and ≥4 cm ( n=31). Proportions of complex cysts and ovarian necrosis rates were compared using Chi-square tests. Results:Among 94 cases , 62 were simple ovarian cysts and 32 complex (including two initially simple cysts that converted to complex in utero). Prenatal diagnosis occurred in 67 cases (52 simple, 15 complex) without intrauterine intervention and 27 were postnatally detected (10 simple, 17 complex). Ovarian necrosis affected 93.8% (30/32) of complex cysts. Both 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups demonstrated significantly higher complex cyst rates [12/19 and 48.3% (15/31) vs. 11.4% (5/44), χ2=15.53 and 10.92, both P<0.001] and ovarian necrosis frequencies [12/19 and 45.2% (14/31) vs. 9.1% (4/44), χ2=17.72 and 11.07, both P<0.001] compared to the <3 cm group, whereas no significant differences existed between 3-4 cm and ≥4 cm groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:For postnatal management, surgical intervention is recommended for complex ovarian cysts in fetuses and infants within three months of age. For simple cysts ≥4 cm, surgery is advised, while those measuring 3-4 cm warrant close monitoring due to elevated necrosis risk.
