Gestational diabetes mellitus: diagnostic progress and controversy
10.3760/cma.j.cn113903-20250106-00004
- VernacularTitle:妊娠期糖尿病：诊断进展及存在争议
- Author:
Xinyu SHU
1
;
Juan JUAN
1
;
Huixia YANG
1
Author Information
1. 北京大学第一医院妇产生殖医学中心，北京 100034
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Gestational diabetes mellitus;
Early diagnosis;
Twin pregnancy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
2025;28(1):12-16
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy and is significantly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and cesarean delivery. Currently, the universal standard for diagnosing GDM primarily relies on the results of the oral glucose tolerance test conducted between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. However, recent clinical studies have shown that GDM diagnosed in early pregnancy is also significantly related to adverse pregnancy outcomes, leading many scholars to advocate for the early diagnosis of GDM. Additionally, despite the high incidence of GDM in twin pregnancies, it remains controversial whether the impacts on large-for-gestational-age infants and the long-term development of type Ⅱ diabetes are identical to those in singleton pregnancies. This controversy has prompted a reevaluation of the diagnostic criteria for GDM in twin pregnancies. This article aims to review the latest research on early-onset GDM and GDM in twin pregnancies, analyze existing evidence, and provide clinical diagnostic recommendations and future research directions in the context of China's specific national conditions.
