Comparative study of five physical disability-related standards in China based on ICF and ICD-11
10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.07.004
- VernacularTitle:基于ICF和ICD-11的中国5种肢体残疾相关标准比较研究
- Author:
Haiyan YE
1
;
Yaru YANG
;
Zhuoying QIU
;
Zhongyan WANG
;
Di CHEN
;
Guiyun SONG
;
Fangyong WANG
;
Yifan TIAN
;
Ye LIU
Author Information
1. 中国康复科学所康复信息研究部,北京市 100068;世界卫生组织国际分类家族中国合作中心,北京市 100068
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
physical disability;
classification;
grading;
assessment;
International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health
- From:
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice
2025;31(7):772-780
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To systematically compare five physical disability-related standards widely used in the fields of insurance,work related injury,forensic appraisal,and disability evaluation.The comparison covers definition,coding,classi-fication,grading,and assessment methods to reveal each standard's framework and methodology,and to provide evidence for integrating and optimizing physical disability standards.Methods Based on International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)and International Classifica-tion of Diseases,11th Revision(ICD-11),we analyzed and compared five physical disability-related standards,including Disability Assessment and Code for Life Insurance(Insurance Standard),Grading of Disability due to Human Body Injury(Judicial Standard),Standard for Identify Work Ability—Gradation of Disability Caused by Work-related Injuries and Occupational Diseases(Work Injury Standard),Standard for Assessment of Disability Grades of Military Personnel(Military Standard),and Classification and Grading Criteria of Disability(Disabili-ty Classification Standard).We examined definition,coding systems,classification,grading scales and assess-ment.Results According to the ICF framework,at the level of body functions and structures,physical disability mainly in-volved neuromusculoskeletal and movement related functions(b7),including joint and bone functions(b710-b729),muscle functions(b730-b749),and movement functions(b750-b789).At the activities and participation level,it primarily concerned mobility(d410-d499)and self care(d510-d599).Related conditions were commonly found in Certain infectious or parasitic diseases(01),Diseases of the nervous system(08),Diseases of the muscu-loskeletal system or connective tissue(15),Developmental anomalies(20),and Injury,poisoning or certain other consequences of external causes(22),etc.Among the five standards,only Disability Classification Standard ex-plicitly defined physical disability,yet its terminology did not followed ICF categories.Regarding coding,only the Insurance Standard adopted ICF codes;and the other four used self devised coding systems.The sub catego-ries in these physical disability standards did not fully cover all ICF categories relevant to physical disability.In terms of grading,Disability Classification Standard used a four level grading,whereas the other four standards employed ten level grading.Concerning assessment,all five emphasized evaluation of body structures and func-tions and involved daily activity capacity;however,WHO Disability Assessment Schedule(WHODAS 2.0)for comprehensive functional assessment,had not been proposed for evaluation of general functioning.Conclusion China has developed different physical disability standards to meet diverse needs.There are differences in definition,structure and content.It is necessary to revise and refine the relevant components of physical disabili-ty,including definition,classification,grading,coding and assessment,based on ICF and ICD-11,and to intro-duce WHODAS 2.0 as a comprehensive functional assessment tool.
