Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma

VernacularTitle:降钙素阴性甲状腺髓样癌的诊断与治疗进展
Author: Hongbo WANG ¹ ; Mingyu YANG ¹ ; Dongyuan LAN ¹ ; Hao CHI ¹ ; Kecheng BAI ¹ ; Yingjia QIU ¹ ; Chengqiu SUI ¹ ; Daqi ZHANG ¹
Author Information

1. 吉林大学中日联谊医院甲状腺外科,吉林长春 130033;吉林省外科转化医学重点实验室,吉林长春 130033;吉林省甲状腺疾病防治工程实验室,吉林长春 130033
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Thyroid Neoplasms; Carcinoma,Medullary; Calcitonin; Review
From: Chinese Journal of General Surgery 2025;34(5):1027-1033
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma(CNMTC)is a rare subtype of medullary thyroid carcinoma,characterized by normal serum calcitonin levels,which often leads to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.The pathogenesis of CNMTC remains unclear and may involve impaired secretion mechanisms or assay-related false negatives.Diagnostic approaches include ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology,serum CEA and ProGRP measurements,and RET gene testing.Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment,while neoadjuvant therapy may be considered in selected cases.This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of CNMTC,aiming to provide clinical guidance for better management of this challenging condition.