Recent advance in brain-derived exosomes in diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

VernacularTitle:脑源性外泌体在阿尔茨海默病中的研究进展
Author: Jing ZHOU ¹ ; Xiaolei ZHU ¹
Author Information

1. 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院神经内科，南京　210008
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Brain-derived exosome; Neuron; Clinical application
From: Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine 2025;24(4):395-400
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly, and currently, there is a lack of effective diagnostic and treatment methods. Brain-derived exosomes (BDEs) are extracellular vesicles released by neurons, glial cells, and neural stem cells. Studies have shown that BDEs can damage neurons through various mechanisms, such as transmitting amyloid β-protein (Aβ), promoting neuroinflammation, and disrupting synaptic function, thus accelerating AD development; on the other hand, BDEs can also protect neurons by reducing Aβ toxicity, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and improving mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby decelerating AD development. Therefore, regulating the secretion or uptake of BDEs may be a new target for AD treatment. This article reviews the research progress on molecular mechanisms of BDEs in regulating AD development and their applications in diagnosis and treatment of AD, aiming to provide new ideas for early diagnosis and treatment of AD.