Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in occupational population in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2022
10.3760/cma.j.cn231583-20230901-00047
- VernacularTitle:2022年宁夏回族自治区职业人群布鲁氏菌病流行特征
- Author:
Xianglin WU
1
;
Xuan LIU
1
;
Hongju DUAN
1
;
Rongting QI
1
;
Fang YAN
1
;
Tianbo MA
1
Author Information
1. 宁夏疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病与布病预防控制科，银川 750000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Brucellosis;
Epidemiological characteristics;
Analysis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2024;43(12):980-985
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To study the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in occupational populations in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (referred to as Ningxia), and to provide a reference basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods:From June to September 2022, blood samples were collected from high-risk occupational groups engaged in cattle and sheep breeding, and slaughtering, etc., in 22 counties (cities and districts) of Ningxia. The Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) was used for initial screening, and those who tested positive in the initial screening or suspected cases were further tested by the tube agglutination test (SAT). The serum positive rate was calculated and the number of people infected with Brucella in Ningxia occupational populations was estimated. The epidemic characteristics (regional and population distribution) and clinical manifestations were analyzed. In addition, blood culture method was used to conduct pathogen identification on patients with acute brucellosis and the handling of the outbreaks was analyzed. Results:A total of 163 628 individuals underwent blood test, with 6 613 initially screened positive for RBPT and 6 006 positive for SAT. The serum positive rate was 3.67% (6 006/163 628), 95% CI was 3.58% - 3.76%. It is estimated that there were 18 391 individuals infected with Brucella in the occupational population of Ningxia. The five districts with high serum positive rates were Yanchi County (7.35%, 489/6 649), Hongsibao District (6.72% 469/6 978), Helan County (4.94%, 166/3 363), Litong District (4.77%, 284/ 5 953), and Yuanzhou District (4.47%, 490/10 974). The serum positive rate of male (4.17%, 3 774/90 406) was higher than that of females (3.05%, 2 232/73 222, χ 2 = 135.01, P < 0.001). The serum positive rate increased with age (χ 2trend = 462.93, P < 0.001), with the 60 - < 70 age group having the highest serum positive rate (5.07%, 1 201/23 679). There was a statistically significant difference in serum positive rates among different occupational groups (χ 2 = 158.88, P < 0.001), with the highest serum positive rate in farmers and herdsmen (3.89%, 5 416/139 347). Among 4 892 confirmed patients, fever (3 751, 76.68%), hyperhidrosis (3 306, 67.58%), and lumbar spine injury (2 651, 54.19%) were the most common symptoms. A total of 231 strains of Brucella were isolated, with a detection rate of 36.44% (231/634). Among them, Brucella melitensis Ⅲ accounted for 91.34% (211/231). There had been a total of 5 outbreaks of human brucellosis, with three modes of infection including breeding, slaughtering, and stripping of stillborn sheep, all of which had been effectively managed. Conclusions:The serum positive rate of Brucella in the occupational population of Ningxia is relatively high, with obvious regional and population epidemic characteristics. Patients with clinical symptoms (fever, hyperhidrosis and lumbar spine injury) are more common, and the dominant strain is Brucella melitensis Ⅲ. It is suggested that in the future, monitoring and behavioral intervention should be strengthened in key areas and populations, with a focus on increasing immunization efforts for sheep, while actively carrying out patient treatment.
