A follow-up study on the changes of different cognitive dimensions in the elderly aged 60 years and above with normal cognitive function of different age groups in urban areas of Guangzhou
10.3760/cma.j.cn113661-20230720-00009
- VernacularTitle:广州城区60岁及以上不同年龄段认知功能正常的老年人不同认知维度变化的随访研究
- Author:
Jie DONG
1
;
Chan SU
;
Ruoxi ZHANG
;
Muni TANG
Author Information
1. 海南省人民医院精神心理科，海口570100
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Cognition;
The elderly;
Follow-up study
- From:
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
2024;57(6):360-366
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the characteristics of the changes in each cognitive dimension of the elderly with normal cognitive function in different age groups over time.Methods:Individuals aged 60 and above in an urban area of Guangzhou were invited to participate in the study. Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA), and the World Health Organization Complete Set of Neuropsychological Tests (WHO-BCAI) were used, a total of 281 subjects with normal cognitive function were enrolled and allocated into the senior age group (≥80 years old), the middle age group (70-79 years old) and the younger age group (60-69 years old). All of the subjects were followed up after 1 year and 5 years. Mixed linear model was used to analyze the differences and characteristics of different cognitive dimensions (including numerical breadth, auditory words, associative learning, visual recognition, language fluency, delayed recall, Wechsler mapping, and Wechsler block diagrams) in different age groups over time.Results:The differences of all cognitive assessment items between the three age groups at different survey times were statistically significant, including MMSE ( F=32.22, P<0.01), MoCA ( F=42.98, P<0.01), Digital Breadth ( F=3.62, P<0.05), Auditory Words ( F=30.21, P<0.01), Associative Learning ( F=17.97, P<0.01), Visual Recognition ( F=18.62, P<0.01), Language Fluency ( F=15.17, P<0.01), Delayed Recall ( F=33.43, P<0.01), Wechsler Mapping ( F=19.92, P<0.01), and Wechsler Block Diagram ( F=18.51, P<0.01). The results of Bonferroni multiple means comparison showed that when comparing to the baseline and the one-year follow-up timepoint, the auditory word scores of the elderly in the younger and middle-age groups were significantly increased( t=3.73, P<0.05; t=3.98, P<0.05). When comparing to the 5-year follow-up and the baseline, the MMSE scores of the elderly in the three age groups ( t=-4.64, P<0.05; t=-4.48, P<0.05; t=-4.28, P<0.05) were significantly decreased, the numerical breadth and Wechsler block diagram scores of the elderly in the younger age group were significantly decreased( t=-2.75, P<0.05; t=-2.54, P<0.05), and auditory words increased significantly( t=3.01, P<0.05); Comparing to the one-year and the five-year follow-up timepoint, the MMSE scores of the elderly in the three age groups ( t=-4.85, P<0.05; t=-2.70, P<0.05; t=-2.61, P<0.05) and MoCA ( t=-6.52, P<0.05; t=-5.67, P<0.05; t=-3.89, P<0.05) of the elderly in the three age groups were significantly decreased, the Wechsler mapping scores of the elderly in the younger and middle-age groups were significantly decreased ( t=-3.57, P<0.05; t=-2.61, P<0.05), and the Wechsler block diagram scores of the elderly in the younger age group also decreased significantly ( t=-2.79, P<0.05). Conclusions:The continuous attention, short-term memory function and recognizable, memory and comprehension ability of the elderly in the younger group decreased faster than that of the elderly in the middle and elderly groups over time, and the cognitive content mentioned above may be sensitive indicators of cognitive decline in older adults.
