Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(2025 edition): expert commentary
10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20250512-00281
- VernacularTitle:中国视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病诊断与治疗指南（2025版）解读
- Author:
Zheng LIU
1
;
Huiqing DONG
1
Author Information
1. 首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科 国家神经疾病医学中心，北京 100053
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders;
Diagnosis;
Treatment;
Guideline;
Commentary
- From:
Chinese Journal of Neurology
2025;58(11):1131-1136
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The "Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (2025 edition)" is based on evidence-based medicine and closely integrates the latest research progress at home and abroad, comprehensively updating the 2021 edition of the guidelines. Firstly, in terms of clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria, it is pointed out that antibody detection based on live cells has higher sensitivity, and magnetic resonance imaging as well as optical coherence tomography can provide more meaningful evaluation parameters. Secondly, the content regarding clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and warning signs is more abundant and intuitive. Thirdly, sequential treatments are clearly classified into therapies within the indications and off-label empirical therapies. Meanwhile, the innovative therapeutic drug, ravulizumab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody targeting complement C5, is introduced. A detailed elaboration is made on the whole-process management of drug treatment, covering the timing of initiating treatment, planning of the treatment sequence, switching strategies of immunotherapies, key points of treatment monitoring, and treatment regimens for antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. In addition, for the group of women of childbearing age, key issues such as the timing of family planning and the selection of drugs during pregnancy are discussed, providing more scientific, standardized, and practically relevant guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
