From early discovery to clinical trials: the history of preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission
10.3760/cma.j.cn113903-20241018-00690
- VernacularTitle:从早期发现到临床试验：人类免疫缺陷病毒母婴传播阻断的历史进程
- Author:
Xiaohui ZHANG
1
;
Wenpei TANG
1
Author Information
1. 北京大学医学人文学院，北京 100191
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome;
HIV;
Mother-to-child transmission;
Clinical trial;
Antiretroviral therapy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
2025;28(1):82-86
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
This article explores the historical development of measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as well as the challenges faced at each stage. Since the mid-1980s, MCT of HIV drew public attention. In 1991, the United States and France launched the first clinical trial focused on pediatric acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-PACTG 076, marking the beginning of clinical research on preventing MCT. The HIVNET 012 trial conducted in Uganda in 1997 further investigated the efficacy of single-dose nevirapine and zidovudine, which has a profound impact on the development of global strategies for preventing MCT of HIV. Without intervention, the MCT rate of HIV ranges from 15% to 45%. However, with the promotion of international intervention standards such as HIV screening during pregnancy and highly active antiretroviral therapy, the MCT rate in China has decreased to 3%, while in the United States and parts of Europe, the rate has fallen to below 1%. These advancements represent a significant achievement in the field of public health.
