Analysis of cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20241222-00814
- VernacularTitle:免疫检查点抑制剂治疗进行性多灶性白质脑病病例分析
- Author:
Siyuan FAN
1
;
Le ZHANG
1
;
Manqing XIE
1
;
Nan LIN
1
;
Ying TAN
1
;
Haitao REN
1
;
Hongzhi GUAN
1
Author Information
1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医院神经科，北京 100730
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Encephalitis;
JC virus;
Immune checkpoint inhibitors;
Drug-related adverse reactions;
Case reports
- From:
Chinese Journal of Neurology
2025;58(5):501-505
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the treatment regimens, therapeutic effects, and adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with PML who received ICI treatment at the Department of Neurology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2020 to September 2024. The patients′ demographic characteristics, baseline immune status, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 male patients with PML, aged 40 and 59 years, received ICI treatment. One patient had underlying combined immunodeficiency, while the other had acute myeloid leukemia subtype M2 and had previously undergone umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation. Both patients were treated with pembrolizumab (dosage range: 2-3 mg/kg, administered every 3-4 weeks), receiving a total of 2-4 courses of treatment. In terms of therapeutic effects, both patients showed significant improvement. Regarding adverse events, 1 patient experienced immune-related adverse event (irAE) of immune-related pneumonia combined with immune-related hypophysitis.Conclusions:ICI may be an effective treatment option for PML. However, the use of ICI may be accompanied by the occurrence of irAE, necessitating close monitoring during treatment.
