Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of newly identified late-diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Leshan City from 2015 to 2022
10.11816/cn.ni.2025-250193
- VernacularTitle:2015-2022年乐山市新诊断HIV/AIDS晚发现病例临床及流行病学特征
- Author:
Bin YI
1
;
Yongmao HUANG
Author Information
1. 西南医科大学附属医院感染科,四川泸州 646000;乐山市人民医院感染科,四川乐山 614000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
HIV/AIDS;
Late diagnosis;
Clinical characteristic;
Epidemiological distribution
- From:
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
2025;35(19):2927-2930
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of late-diagnosed human immuno-deficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)cases newly identified in Leshan City from 2015 to 2022.METHODS Data on newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Leshan City from 2015 to 2022 were ex-tracted from the Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control Information System.Basic information of newly i-dentified and late-diagnosed individuals was recorded.Cases were screened from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,and data were collated and analyzed to summarize the clinical characteristics of late-diagnosed ca-ses.RESULTS From 2015 to 2022,a total of 1 532 HIV/AIDS cases were newly diagnosed in Leshan City.Males accounted for 77.22％,high er than females.The highest proportion was in the 20-29 age group(31.79％),with married individuals constituting 50.20％.Farmers/workers/migrant workers accounted for the highest pro-portion among newly diagnosed cases(51.89％).Most cases were of Han ethnic group(94.97％),with local reg-istered residence(84.92％).Among them,796(51.96％)had a junior high school education or below.Key popu-lations accounted for 55.03％of sample sources,and heterosexual transmission was the most common route(75.66％).During this period,475 cases(31.00％)were late-diagnosed with HIV/AIDS,showing a declining trend over the years(x2trend=10.611,P=0.001).Statistically significant differences(P＜0.05)were observed in late-diagnosed cases across different diagnosis periods,genders,ages,marital statuses,occupations,ethnicities,registered residences,education levels,monthly incomes,sample sources,transmission routes and histories of sexually transmitted diseases.CONCLUSIONS From 2015 to 2022,the late diagnosis rate of HIV/AIDS cases in Les-han City shows a declining trend.Late-diagnosed cases are significantly associated with demographic characteristics,high-lighting the need to strengthen active screening and health education for key populations(especially middle-aged and elder-ly individuals,those with low education levels and heterosexual transmission groups).Improving early HIV testing mech-anisms in medical institutions is essential to reduce the late diagnosis rate of HIV/AIDS.
