Characterization of clinical and immune cell subpopulations in leukemia patients with recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
10.3760/cma.j.cn114452-20240904-00488
- VernacularTitle:异基因造血干细胞移植后白血病复发患者临床及免疫细胞亚群特征分析
- Author:
Wei ZHAO
1
;
Man CHEN
;
Hui WANG
Author Information
1. 北京陆道培医院移植科，北京 100176
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Leukaemia;
Recurrence;
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation;
Lymphocyte subsets;
Flow cytometry
- From:
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
2025;48(3):352-356
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the significance and value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulation characteristics in patients with leukemia recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 115 leukemia patients with allo HSCT admitted to Beijing Ludaopei Hospital from April 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023, including 26 relapsed patients and 89 non-relapsed patients, 65 males and 50 females aged 33 (20, 50) years old. Flow cytometry was used for regular monitoring of the post-transplantation peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the patients, i.e. total lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, NK-cells, CD4+Treg-cells, CD3+CD4+CD8+T-cells, CD3+CD4-CD8-T-cells, CD28 T-cells. The significance of lymphocyte subpopulation detection in the relapsed group of leukemia patients was further discussed. The χ 2 test was used for comparison between the two groups. Indicators statistically significant in one-way analysis were then analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results:Compared with patients in the non-relapse group, patients in the relapse group had lower total lymphocytes (458.5<1 003/μl, U=1 118.00, P=0.004), B lymphocytes (4<51/μl, U=67.00, P<0.001), T lymphocytes (320.5<721/μl, U=746.00, P=0.006), CD4+T lymphocytes (57<150/μl, U=629.50, P<0.001), CD8+T lymphocytes (240<468/μl, U=1 150.00, P=0.017), CD3+CD4-CD8-T cells (5<32.5/μl, U=259.00, P<0.001), CD8+CD28+T cells (92<298/μl, U=294.00, P=0.002), CD4+CD28+T cell counts (43<141/μl, U=245.50, P<0.001), CD8+CD28+T cells as a percentage of CD8+T cells (63.3<70.9%, U=331.00, P=0.006), and CD4+CD28+T cells as a percentage of CD4+T cells (86.1<97.3%, U=313.50, P=0.003), while the CD4+Treg cell count (2.5>8/μl, U=635.00, P<0.001) was higher. The percentage of CD8+CD28+T cells to CD8+T cells in the peripheral blood of patients after transplantation was a significant independent risk factor for relapse, and the results of the ROC curve showed an AUC of 0.724 ( P<0.01), with a decision value of 66.89, a sensitivity of 0.733, and a specificity of 0.613. Conclusions:The low percentage of CD8+CD28+T cells to CD8+T cells in peripheral blood has a certain value of suggestive warning for post-transplantation leukemia relapse. The application of flow cytometry for regular monitoring of patients′ peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations after transplantation helps to understand patients′ immune reconstitution status and provides a certain reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
