The effect of short-term exposures to atmospheric fine particulate matter and its components on cognitive function in middle-aged and older people aged 40-89
10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20241028-00853
- VernacularTitle:大气细颗粒物及其成分短期暴露对40~89岁中老年人认知功能的影响
- Author:
Huiting LING
1
;
Yu WANG
;
Chen CHEN
;
Jinxia YANG
;
Changzhen XIANG
;
Yiqi QIU
;
Jianan LI
;
Jianlong FANG
;
Jiaonan WANG
;
Xiaoming SHI
Author Information
1. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院全球健康中心，南京 211166
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Fine particulate matter;
Components;
Middle-aged and older people;
Cognitive function
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2025;59(4):416-424
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To assess the effect of short-term exposures to atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and its components on cognitive function in middle-aged and older people aged 40-89 and identify key components that affect cognitive function. Methods:From October 2018 to March 2019, a cross-sectional survey of middle-aged and older people aged 40-89 was conducted across 10 cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and neighboring regions of China. Data on PM 2.5 and its components were collected from the nearest air supermonitoring stations to the residential addresses. The cognitive function was assessed using the Min-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the effect of short-term exposures to PM 2.5 and its components on cognitive function in middle-aged and older people. The restricted cubic spline function was used to fit the exposure-response relationship between different components and changes in MMSE scores. Results:The age of the 1 978 respondents was (65.1±13.4) years, and 976 (49.34%) were males. During the study period, the daily mean concentration of PM 2.5 was (71.2±43.2) μg/m 3, and the MMSE score was (28.2±3.7). The results of the multiple linear regression model showed that short-term exposures to PM 2.5 and its components were associated with cognitive decline in middle-aged and older people after adjusting for confounding factors, and the effect was higher at lag 0-28 days. For an interquartile range (64.3 μg/m 3) increase in PM 2.5 at lag 0-28 d, the MMSE score decreased by 5.91 (95% CI: 0.04, 11.77). For an interquartile range increase in organic carbon (OC), antimony (Sb), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), and cadmium (Cd), the MMSE scores of middle-aged and older people decreased by 5.71 (95% CI: 1.69, 9.73), 4.67 (95% CI: 2.50, 6.84), 4.49 (95% CI: 1.05, 7.92), 3.65 (95% CI: 0.89, 6.42), 2.76 (95% CI: 1.22, 4.30), and 1.72 (95% CI: 0.53, 2.92). Conclusions:Short-term exposures to atmospheric PM 2.5 and its components (OC, Sb, Cr, Zn, Sn, and Cd) are associated with cognitive decline in middle-aged and older people.
