The application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology in the diagnosis of secondary infections in maintenance hemodialysis
10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2025.03.006
- VernacularTitle:宏基因组二代测序技术在维持性血液透析继发感染诊断中的应用价值
- Author:
Weixiu WANG
1
;
Manyu ZHANG
1
;
Dingwei YANG
1
Author Information
1. 天津大学天津医院肾内科,天津 300211
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing;
Maintenance hemodialysis;
Infection;
Diagnosi;
Sensitivity;
Specificity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Intensive and Critical Care
2025;32(3):286-290
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)in detecting pathogens causing secondary infections in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients,providing evidence for clinical implementation.Methods Sixty-five MHD patients with suspected secondary infections admitted to the blood purification treatment center of Tianjin University Tianjin Hospital from October 2022 to March 2024 were selected as the research subjects.All enrolled patients underwent routine laboratory examinations and imaging tests,the peripheral blood,sputum,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),urine,feces,pleural effusion,and peritoneal effusion were collected for mNGS and traditional isolation and culture respectively.The infection status of MHD patients was analyzed.Compare the sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,pathogen detection rate,and detection cycle across the two etiological diagnostic methods.Results Among the enrolled patients,11 were excluded from infection after comprehensive analysis and diagnostic treatment,and 54 were definitively diagnosed with MHD-associated secondary infections,including 20 cases of respiratory system infection(accounting for 37.04%),18 cases of bloodstream infection(33.33%),13 cases of urinary system infection(24.07%),2 cases of pleurisy(3.71%),and 1 case of peritonitis(1.85%).Among these infected cases,there were 12 cases of single bacterial infection,6 cases of single fungal infection,3 cases of atypical pathogen infection,and 33 cases of overlapping infections detected.The most common pathogens in respiratory infections,bloodstream infections,and urinary tract infections were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,and Escherichia coli respectively.Through mNGS,6 additional cases of Pneumocystispneumonia,3 cases of pulmonary Aspergillosis,3 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,and 1 case of fungal pleurisy were successfully detected.A total of 25 patients had their medication adjusted based on the mNGS results,among whom 18 were discharged after improvement with treatment.The most common pattern of mixed infection was bacteria+fungi(16 cases),followed by bacteria+bacteria(9 cases),bacteria+fungi+atypical pathogens(4 cases),bacteria+atypical pathogens(3 cases),and fungi+fungi(1 case)in overlapping infections.The positive detection rate of overlapping infections by mNGS was significantly higher than that by traditional isolation and culture[78.79%(26/33)vs.12.12%(4/33),P<0.05].The sensitivity of mNGS in diagnosing pathogenic infections was significantly higher than that of traditional isolation and culture(overall diagnostic efficacy:96.30%vs.59.26%,precise diagnostic efficacy:95.35%vs.35.29%,both P<0.05).However,the specificity of the overall diagnostic efficacy of traditional isolation and culture was significantly higher than that of mNGS(100.00%vs.81.82%,P<0.05),the diagnostic coincidence rate,accuracy rate of single pathogen detection,and accuracy rate of overlapping pathogen detection of mNGS were all significantly higher than those of traditional isolation and culture(diagnostic coincidence rate of overall diagnostic efficacy:93.85%vs.66.15%,diagnostic coincidence rate of precise diagnostic efficacy:76.92%vs.35.38%,accuracy rate of single pathogen detection:80.95%vs.52.38%,accuracy rate of overlapping pathogen detection:66.67%vs.0,all P<0.05).The detection cycle of mNGS was significantly shorter than that of traditional isolation and culture[hours:27(26,29)vs.70(28,114),P<0.05].Conclusion mNGS can provide accurate and rapid etiological diagnosis for secondary infections in MHD patients,bringing benefits to precise diagnosis and targeted drug therapy.
