Disordered lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity mechanisms in acute kidney injury
10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20240911-00922
- VernacularTitle:急性肾损伤中的脂质代谢紊乱和脂毒性机制
- Author:
Han WU
1
;
Ying LI
;
Mengru GU
;
Chunsun DAI
Author Information
1. 南京医科大学第二附属医院肾脏病中心，南京 210003
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Acute kidney injury;
Lipid metabolism disorders;
Mitochondrial diseases;
Oxidative stress;
Inflammation and immunity;
Regulatory cell death
- From:
Chinese Journal of Nephrology
2025;41(4):290-296
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical acute and critical condition. There is a lack of clinical interventions or therapeutic drugs that can significantly improve AKI outcomes. Lipids, including fatty acids, triglycerides, sphingolipids, phospholipids and cholesterol play crucial roles in energy metabolism, cell membrane composition, cell signaling, and cell homeostasis and survival. Recent lipidomics studies have revealed significant alterations in the content and composition of renal lipids during AKI, highlighting their important roles in the onset, progression, and outcomes of the disease. A common feature of AKI across multiple etiologies is altered lipid metabolism, characterized by insufficient energy generation due to mitochondrial damage and deposition of excess lipids in the kidney. The article summarizes the characteristics of renal lipid metabolism in physiological state, alterations of renal lipid metabolism in AKI and molecular mechanisms related to lipid metabolism disorders that aggravate AKI through mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, autophagy dysfunction, activation of inflammatory and immune responses and regulated cell death, to provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of AKI.
