Development of an I53-50 nanoparticle-based respiratory syncytial virus vaccine: immunogenicity and protective efficacy
10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20250416-00319
- VernacularTitle:基于I53-50纳米颗粒的呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗构建与免疫保护效力研究
- Author:
Jie JIANG
1
;
Hai LI
1
;
Lei CAO
1
;
Hongqiao HU
1
;
Zhen ZHU
1
;
Naiying MAO
1
;
Na WANG
1
;
Yuqing SHI
1
;
Yan ZHANG
1
Author Information
1. 传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室 国家卫生健康委医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室 中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所，北京102206
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine;
PreF antigen;
I53-50 nanoparticles;
Immunogenicity;
Protective efficacy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2025;59(11):1889-1896
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To construct a nanoparticle vaccine displaying the prefusion F (preF) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using the I53-50 protein nanoparticle platform, and to systematically evaluate its immunogenicity and protective efficacy.Methods:The RSV preF trimer antigen was genetically fused to I53-50A and assembled in vitro with I53-50B to form preF-I53-50 nanoparticles, theoretically displaying 20 preF antigens per particle. The structure and purity were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography, SDS-PAGE, and negative-stain electron microscopy. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with varying doses (1 μg or 5 μg) of preF antigen or an equimolar amount of preF-I53-50 nanoparticles. Humoral immunity, B-cell responses, and protective efficacy were assessed following intranasal viral challenge.Results:The preF-I53-50 nanoparticles self-assembled into spherical structures (50-60 nm in diameter) with uniformly arrayed antigens. The nanoparticle vaccine enhanced RSV-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses, promoting a Th1-biased immune profile. At equimolar preF doses, the neutralizing antibody titers induced by 1 μg and 5 μg nanoparticle formulations were 2.8-fold and 2.3-fold higher, respectively, than those elicited by preF alone ( P<0.05). Notably, even the low-dose nanoparticle group outperformed the high-dose preF group (1.6-fold increase). Viral challenge experiments demonstrated that preF-I53-50 effectively suppressed pulmonary viral replication, mitigated pathological damage, and induced stronger germinal center and memory B-cell responses, suggesting enhanced B-cell affinity maturation and long-term immune memory. Conclusion:The preF-I53-50 vaccine improves the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of RSV preF through multivalent antigen display.
