Physicochemical properties and strategies for enhancing osteogenic activity of injectable bone repair materials
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20241230-00780
- VernacularTitle:可注射骨修复材料的理化特性与成骨活性增强策略
- Author:
Huan WANG
1
;
Zhao LIU
;
Song CHEN
;
Bin LI
Author Information
1. 苏州大学附属第一医院骨科，苏州大学骨科研究所，苏州 215000
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Bone substitutes;
Reconstructive surgical procedures;
Bone regeneration;
High osteogenic activity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2025;45(20):1355-1364
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Injectable biomaterials promising application prospects in orthopaedics owing to their minimally invasive characteristics and capability to precisely conform to irregular bone defects. For decades, bone cements such as polymethyl methacrylate and calcium phosphate have been extensively employed as injectable substrates in clinical practice. Nevertheless, these materials have limitations such as limited osteogenic induction activity and a mismatch between their degradation rate and the pace of new bone formation. In response to these challenges, researchers have shifted the research focus to emerging material systems such as hydrogels. The synthesis of injectable hydrogels primarily involves two approaches: physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking. The former relies on intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions to form dynamic three-dimensional networks, while the latter utilizes covalent reactions including click chemistry and photo-crosslinking to create stable, permanent structures. With the in-depth analysis of the mechanism of osteoimmunology, bone repair materials with immune regulatory functions have developed rapidly. Concurrently, angiogenic factors, neuroregulatory molecules, and specific metal ions have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in enhancing bone-promoting repair capabilities. By precisely responding to or regulating the microenvironment of bone injury (e.g., reactive oxygen species accumulation and hypoxic conditions), the functional upgrade of active bone regeneration induced by repair materials has been achieved. Against this backdrop, emerging strategies leveraging vascular-osteogenic coupling, immunomodulation, neural regulation, microenvironment remodeling, and organoid technology are providing novel perspectives for developing highly bioactive bone repair materials.
