Research progress on the application of nanozyme materials in the treatment of orthopaedic diseases
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20240927-00537
- VernacularTitle:纳米酶材料在骨科疾病治疗中的应用研究进展
- Author:
Chenguang LIN
1
;
Ziying SUN
;
Dongquan SHI
;
Nirong BAO
Author Information
1. 南京中医药大学金陵临床医学院，南京 210002
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Nanomedicine;
Enzymes;
Orthopedics;
Review
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2025;45(16):1089-1096
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Nanomaterials can be used in drug delivery systems to enhance drug targeting and efficacy, and reduce adverse reactions. At the same time, they can also be used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to promote bone tissue repair and regeneration. Nanozymes are special nanomaterials with the catalytic activity of biological enzymes, which can mediate efficient biochemical reactions and provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of orthopaedic diseases. In the treatment of tendon-related diseases, the enzymatic nanohybrid encapsulated by extracellular vesicles can effectively mimic catalase to remove reactive oxygen species, continuously release zinc ions, and induce immune regulation through extracellular vesicles. It can significantly promote functional recovery and matrix reconstruction, restore tendon morphology, and inhibit scar formation and adhesion around the tendon. In the treatment of bone and joint diseases, photothermal nanozymes with bionic characteristics can generate thermal energy under near-infrared radiation, enhance joint lubrication performance, reduce cartilage wear in early osteoarthritis, effectively remove reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, increase the production of hyaluronic acid inside and outside the cells, and help to restore the lubrication and function of articular cartilage. Hollow Prussian blue nanoenzyme prepared by template-free hydrothermal synthesis can inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorption, inhibit intracellular reactive oxygen species production and mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways, thereby improving osteoporosis. In the treatment of spinal diseases, Prussian blue nanozymes can not only remove excessive reactive oxygen species, maintain the normal Redox level of nucleus pulposus cells, but also escape lysosomal phagocytosis, achieve more effective mitochondrial targeting, and effectively alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration.
