Research progress of magnesium-based biomaterials in the treatment of bone defects induced by osteosarcoma
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20240819-00457
- VernacularTitle:镁基生物材料治疗骨肉瘤相关骨缺损的研究进展
- Author:
Jingteng CHEN
1
;
Ling YU
1
;
Shiyu LI
1
;
Weichun GUO
1
Author Information
1. 武汉大学人民医院脊柱一科，武汉 430060
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Magnesium;
Biomaterials;
Osteosarcoma;
Bone defects;
Advances in treatment
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2025;45(2):109-118
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents with a peak incidence between the ages of 10 and 20. It has an extremely high mortality and disability rate. In adults, osteosarcoma is the third most common bone tumor. Despite the advances in chemotherapy, surgical techniques, and radiotherapy that have significantly improved the overall survival rate of osteosarcoma, the long-term prognosis of patients has not shown substantial improvement, especially in cases of tumor metastasis and recurrence. Due to the highly invasive growth of tumor cells, the progression of osteosarcoma is often accompanied by the destruction of surrounding bone tissue and the formation of immature new bone, making treatment challenging, especially in tissue repair and functional recovery following surgical resection. Tumor resection surgery often results in extensive bone loss, particularly in cases involving joints or weight-bearing areas, making the reconstruction of bone structure and function highly complex. Currently, inert materials such as stainless steel or titanium alloy prostheses used in clinical practice exhibit poor biocompatibility and high elastic modulus, often leading to prosthesis loosening and infection. There is an urgent clinical need for multifunctional biomaterials capable of both repairing bone defects and inhibiting tumor recurrence. Magnesium-based biomaterials have shown excellent biodegradability and bioactivity, and the release of magnesium ions and degradation products effectively promotes bone tissue regeneration while demonstrating potential antitumor effects. This paper reviews the application of magnesium-based biomaterials in the treatment of bone defects associated with osteosarcoma, including their adaptation to the acidic conditions of the osteosarcoma microenvironment, their potential to promote osteogenesis, and their antitumor mechanisms. It also analyzes the mechanical compatibility of magnesium-based materials and the use of coating technologies to enhance their corrosion resistance, and explores the prospects of various types of magnesium-based compounds in the treatment of osteosarcoma-related bone defects.
