Survey on the current status and analysis of influencing factors of health management cognition and medical care behaviors of active health-oriented community residents in Shanghai
10.3760/cma.j.cn114798-20240612-00537
- VernacularTitle:主动健康导向的上海市社区居民健康管理认知和就医行为现状调查及影响因素分析
- Author:
Wanyu LI
1
;
Xiaolan ZHANG
;
Hua JIN
;
Fen XU
;
Dehua YU
Author Information
1. 上海市青浦区夏阳街道社区卫生服务中心，上海 201799
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Health management;
Behavior of seeking medical care;
Active health;
Community residents;
Awareness
- From:
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners
2025;24(3):270-278
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To understand the current status of health management cognition and healthcare behaviors of community residents in Shanghai, and to analyze their related influencing factors, in order to promote the optimization of proactive health-oriented health management strategies.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From February to May 2023, 1-4 community health service centers were randomly selected from each administrative district in Shanghai by stratified random sampling using the random number table method. Ultimately, 28 community health service centers were selected as research sites. The research team then used convenience sampling method to select at least 50 patients as research subjects from those visiting each selected center. A total of 1 436 community residents were included in this study in the form of on-site completion of questionnaire stars, and the study covered the residents′ level of health management cognition, chronic disease management, intention to seek medical care, physical examination behavior, and handling of abnormal values. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between health management cognition and medical consultation behavior and their influencing factors.Results:The results of the health management awareness survey showed that 827 residents (57.6%) had a relatively high level of awareness. Among the 755 residents (52.6%) with chronic diseases, the proportion of self-assessed stable control was significantly higher in the high-cognition group (318 (76.0%)) than that in the low-cognition group (223 (66.2%)), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=9.01, P=0.003). Multiple regression analysis showed that females ( OR=1.293, 95% CI: 1.028-1.627),≤44 years old and 45-59 years old ( OR=2.328, 95% CI: 1.648-2.328; OR=1.351, 95% CI: 1.035-1.763), bachelor′s degree or above ( OR=1.784, 95% CI: 1.256-2.534), living in suburban area ( OR=1.577, 95% CI: 1.235-2.014), use of employee health insurance and resident health insurance ( OR=2.294, 95% CI: 1.629-3.232; OR=1.628, 95% CI: 1.149-2.306), suffering from a chronic disease ( OR=3.110, 95% CI: 1.918-5.042), and having a contracted family doctor ( OR=1.870, 95% CI: 1.431-2.442) were all positive correlation with health management perception(all P<0.05). In terms of health care behavior, 908 (63.2%) residents showed a high active intention to seek medical care, and 906 (63.1%) and 796 (55.4%) residents showed active participation in medical check-ups and timely handling of medical check-up abnormal values, respectively. Residents in the high awareness group were significantly better than those in the low awareness group in terms of intention to seek medical care ( χ2=33.26), mode of medical checkups ( χ2=110.71), frequency of medical checkups ( χ2=45.37), and the way of dealing with abnormal values after medical checkups ( χ2=93.14), with the difference being statistically significant(all P<0.05). The results of linear regression analysis of the factors influencing the medical behavior of community residents showed that age≤44 and 45-59 ( B=0.479, 0.167), high school and specialist versus bachelor′s degree and above ( B=0.465, 0.739), use of employee medical insurance and residents′ health insurance ( B=0.604, 0.420), the number of current chronic diseases 1 ( B=0.919) and contracted family doctor ( B=0.134) of community residents′ health care behaviors are better (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of community residents′ health management cognition needs to be improved, and high health management cognition can significantly promote proactive healthcare-seeking behavior. However, residents′ medical behavior is still influenced by multidimensional factors. Signing a contract with a family doctor is significantly associated with high cognition and quality healthcare behaviors.
