Prospective study on risk factors for positive test of COVID-19 antibody in the population of Fuzhou in 2024
10.11816/cn.ni.2025-250056
- VernacularTitle:2024年福州市人群新冠病毒感染抗体阳性危险因素的前瞻性研究
- Author:
Xiaoyan ZHENG
1
;
Jiali FU
;
Qingquan CHEN
;
Xiaoyang ZHANG
;
Minhong CHEN
;
Zhiwei CHEN
Author Information
1. 福建医科大学附属福州市疾病预防控制中心应急处置科,福建 福州 350200
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
COVID-19;
Prospective study;
Serum antibody;
Influencing factor;
Logistic regression
- From:
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
2025;35(15):2336-2340
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for serum COVID-19 antibodies in the population of Fuzhou to provide scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.METHODS The prospective study and the multi-stage stratified random sampling method were performed to select at least 200 subjects from each of the 12 counties(cit-ies)in Fuzhou.Questionnaires follow-ups and serum collections were conducted in Mar,Jun,Sep,and Dec.2024,respectively.The antibody levels in Dec.were divided into a high protective antibody group(IgG antibody≥50 AU/ml)and a low protective antibody group(IgG antibody≤20 AU/ml).The influencing factors of serum anti-body levels were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.RESULTS A total of 2816 subjects were en-rolled.In Mar,1454 subjects with high-protective antibodies were identified.After nine months of follow-up,of the 1454 subjects,344 had high protective antibodies and 369 had low protective antibodies in Dec..There were statistically significant differences in age,presence of typical symptoms after infection,underlying diseases,surgi-cal history,healing time,smoking and drinking histories between the high and low antibody groups(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression model showed that older age,underlying diseases,history of surgery,smoking and drinking were risk factors which could reduce antibody levels(P<0.05),while typical symptoms after infec-tion and longer recovery time were protective factors which could increase antibody levels(P<0.05).After the COVID-19 infection in spring of 2024,the serum antibody levels in Fuzhou residents showed the downward trend,especially after Sep.2024,with a more pronounced downward trend.CONCLUSIONS According to the risk factors of COVID-19 antibody levels,prevention and control efforts should be focused on the key population.It is necessa-ry to strengthen health education and carry out vaccination to maintain the levels of immunity to protect population from COVID-19 infection.
