Expression of placental growth factor in the second trimester and its predictive value for preeclampsia
10.3760/cma.j.cn101721-20250121-00040
- VernacularTitle:妊娠中期血清PLGF对子痫前期患者的影响及其预测价值
- Author:
Xiaoyan HAN
1
;
Hua YANG
1
Author Information
1. 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院妇产科，北京 100050
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Preeclampsia;
Placental growth factor;
Mean arterial pressure
- From:
Clinical Medicine of China
2025;41(4):248-252
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the expression of serum placental growth factor (PLGF) in the second trimester and its predictive value for preeclampsia.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 pregnant women with preeclampsia (preeclampsia group) who received regular antenatal care and delivered at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University between March 2023 and July 2024. Among them, 17 had early-onset preeclampsia (occurring before 34 weeks of gestation) and 41 had late-onset preeclampsia (occurring after 34 weeks of gestation). Sixty healthy pregnant women who received regular antenatal care and delivered during the same period were selected as the control group. Baseline characteristics and laboratory indicators were compared between the two groups, as well as serum PLGF levels between early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia patients. Factors influencing preeclampsia and the predictive value of various indicators were analyzed. Normally distributed measurement data were expressed as xˉ± s and compared by independent sample t-test. Counting data were expressed as n (%) and compared by χ2 test. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing preeclampsia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of various indicators for preeclampsia. Results:Women in the preeclampsia group had significantly higher first-trimester BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and a higher proportion of gestational diabetes mellitus compared to the control group [(24.8±3.2) kg/m2 vs. (22.6±2.4) kg/m2, t=4.17, P<0.001; (121±11) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (104±13) mmHg, t=7.81, P<0.001; (70±9) mmHg vs. (61±8) mmHg, t=5.95, P<0.001; (87±9) mmHg vs. (75±9) mmHg, t=7.37, P<0.001; 31.0% (18/58) vs. 13.3% (8/60), χ2=5.38, P=0.020]. Fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were also significantly higher in the preeclampsia group [(5.1±0.4) mmol/L vs. (4.8±0.5) mmol/L, t=3.92, P<0.001; (5.5±0.6)% vs. (5.2±0.3)%, t=2.60, P=0.011], while serum PLGF levels was significantly lower [(47±22) ng/L vs. (107±46) ng/L, t=9.00, P<0.001]. Serum PLGF level at 16 weeks of gestation was significantly lower in women with early-onset preeclampsia compared to those with late-onset preeclampsia [(14±4) ng/L vs. (60±9) ng/L, t=27.89, P<0.001]. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum PLGF was a protective factor against preeclampsia ( OR=0.940, 95% CI: 0.908-0.974, P=0.001), while mean arterial pressure was a risk factor for preeclampsia ( OR=1.088, 95% CI: 1.018-1.163, P=0.013). The area under ROC curve (AUC) for the combined prediction of preeclampsia using PLGF and mean arterial pressure was significantly higher than that of either indicator alone (0.916 vs. 0.872 and 0.831, both P<0.001). The optimal cutoff value of PLGF for predicting preeclampsia was 79 ng/L, with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 68.3%. The optimal cutoff value of mean arterial pressure for predicting preeclampsia was 78 mmHg, with a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 73.3%. Conclusions:Decreased serum PLGF levels in the second trimester are significantly associated with the development of preeclampsia, with levels being markedly lower in early-onset preeclampsia. Both serum PLGF and mean arterial pressure can be used to predict the onset of preeclampsia, and their combination provides higher predictive value.
