Progress in the clinical application of tumor RNA vaccines
10.12354/j.issn.1000-8179.2025.20250281
- VernacularTitle:肿瘤RNA疫苗的临床应用进展
- Author:
Huang YUHAN
1
;
Huang SHENGLIN
;
Fang ZHUTING
Author Information
1. 福建医科大学肿瘤临床医学院,福建省肿瘤医院(福州市 350011)
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
tumor RNA vaccines;
mechanism of action;
delivery methods;
combination therapy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology
2025;52(8):413-419
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Tumor ribonucleic acid(RNA)vaccines,which are emerging as promising cancer immunotherapies,have achieved significant technological breakthroughs during the COVID-19 pandemic.These vaccines activate immune responses through precise antigen expression.However,they face challenges such as suboptimal delivery efficiency and insufficient immunogenicity.Current studies focus on three design strategies:conventional messengerribonucleic acid(mRNA),self-amplifying mRNA,and circular RNA(circRNA)vaccines coupled with lipid nanoparticles(LNP)and polyethylene glycol(PEG)optimization for enhanced delivery.Clinical trials have demonstrated the synergistic effic-acy of RNA vaccines in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors,chemotherapy,or oncolytic viruses.However,clinical translation is hindered by the complexity of antigen selection and storage stability limitations.In this review,we systematically summarize the recent clin-ical advancements in tumor RNA vaccines,analyze their technical challenges,and propose innovative strategies to address the current thera-peutic bottlenecks to guide future research and clinical applications.
