Serological characteristics and transfusion strategies for autoimmune hemolytic anemia in an infant with anti-c alloantibodies and anti-C and anti-e mimicking autoantibodies
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2026.04.018
- VernacularTitle:同种抗-c伴类同种抗-C、e自身抗体的婴儿自身免疫性溶血性贫血的血清学特点及输血策略探讨
- Author:
Minli ZHUANG
1
;
Runtao ZHENG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
mimicking autoantibodies;
alloantibodies;
crossmatching;
blood transfusion strategy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2026;39(4):540-546
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the serological identification methods of the coexisting anti-c alloantibodies and anti-C, and anti-e mimicking autoantibodies in an infant with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and to explore the strategies for precisely differentiating the two types of antibodies and guiding safe blood transfusion. Methods: Using the saline tube method and the microcolumn agglutination anti-human globulin method, blood type identification was carried out on a specimen from one patient with difficult crossmatching, including ABO, Rh (D), MNS, Duffy, Diego, and Lewis blood type identification, antibody screening, antibody specificity identification, direct anti-human globulin test and crossmatching test；multiple absorption-elution test, dilution method and major crossmatching with red blood cells of specific antigens for further antibody confirmation；and the simple capillary ultracentrifugation method to separate new and old red blood cells, followed by red blood cell Rh system blood type antigen identification. Results: Serological testing showed the child had blood type A, Rh type CCDee, with auto-positive reactions, positive direct antiglobulin and antibody screen tests. Through multiple adsorption-elution tests, dilution tests, and major crossmatching with red cells of specific antigens, the child's serum was found to contain anti-c alloantibodies and anti-C and anti-e mimicking autoantibodies. The patient was transfused with the least incompatible A-type CCDee red blood cells, and the transfusion was effective. Conclusion: In the diagnosis and treatment of AIHA in infants, it is crucial to be highly vigilant about the coexistence of alloantibodies and mimicking autoantibodies. It is necessary to rely on standardized serological tests to accurately distinguish them. For children with combined anti-c alloantibodies and anti-C and anti-e mimicking autoantibodies, blood transfusion should preferably choose blood products with negative c antigen and the same Rh type to ensure blood transfusion safety and long-term tolerance.
