Organizational commitment strengthens care delivery and system responsiveness, yet high turnover and workforce exhaustion threaten healthcare stability. Understanding factors that sustain commitment is especially critical during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study examined how nurses' attitudes toward their practice environment predict organizational commitment at King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Across-sectional predictive correlational design was used.

Data was collected from 275 staff nurses between October and November 2020 using convenience sampling. Attitudes toward the practice environment were assessed with the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PESNWI), while organizational commitment was measured using the Revised Three-Component Model Employee Commitment Survey. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression were conducted in SPSS version 21.

Nurses reported positive work attitudes, with the highest ratings for nursing care and interdisciplinary relationships, followed by management and leadership, and the lowest for adequate resources. Organizational commitment was moderate across affective, normative, and continuance domains. Regression analyses identified nursing care and interdisciplinary relationships as the most consistent predictor across all domains of commitment, including affective (p < .001), normative (p = .047), continuance (p = .004), and overall organizational commitment (p < .001). Adequate resources significantly predicted affective (p = .014) and overall commitment (p = .050), while management and leadership predicted normative commitment (p = .016).

Nurses' perceptions of their practice environment significantly shape organizational commitment during crisis conditions. Interdisciplinary collaboration consistently emerged as the strongest predictor, underscoring the value of teamwork and nurse–physician partnerships. Adequate staffing and resources also reinforced commitment, particularly in sustaining affective bonds. These findings underscored that supportive practice environments, through collaboration, adequate resources, and participatory leadership, enhance nurses' autonomy and sense of meaningful work, which in turn strengthen organizational commitment, retention, and resilience during crises.