Construction and validation of circadian rhythm genes-related prognostic risk model for lung adenocarcinoma
- VernacularTitle:肺腺癌昼夜节律基因相关预后风险模型的构建与验证
- Author:
Yanqi CUI
1
;
Hu ZHAO
2
;
Yawei ZHANG
2
;
Lin NI
2
;
Duohuang LIAN
1
;
Jingrong YANG
1
;
Shixin YE
1
;
Fengfeng XU
1
;
Jincan ZHANG
1
;
Zhiyong ZENG
1
,
3
Author Information
1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 900th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
2. Department of General Surgery, 900th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
3. Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, P. R. China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Circadian rhythm;
lung adenocarcinoma;
machine learning;
immune microenvironment;
single-cell analysis;
nomogram
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
2026;33(04):550-558
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between circadian rhythm genes and the occurrence, development, prognosis, and tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas data were used to evaluate the expression, copy number variation, and somatic mutation frequency of circadian gene sets in LUAD. Gene ontology, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and gene set enrichment analysis were used to explore the potential mechanisms by which circadian rhythm genes affected LUAD progression. Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, support vector machine recursive feature elimination, and random forest screened circadian genes and established prognostic models, and on this basis constructed nomogram to predict patients’ 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and time-dependent ROC curves were drawn to evaluate the predictive ability of the model, and the external dataset of GEO further verified the prognostic value of the prediction model. In addition, we evaluated the association of the prognostic model with immune cells and immune checkpoint genes. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was used to explore the molecular characteristics between prognostically relevant circadian genes and different immune cell populations in TME. Results Differentially expressed circadian rhythm genes were mainly enriched in biological processes related to cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Seven circadian rhythm genes: LGR4, CDK1, KLF10, ARNTL2, RORA, NPAS2, PTGDS were screened out, and a RiskScore model was established. According to the median RiskScore, samples were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Compared with patients in the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group showed a poorer prognosis (P<0.001). Immunological characterization analysis showed that there were differences in the infiltration of multiple immune cells between the low-risk group and high-risk group. Most immune checkpoint genes had higher expression levels in the high-risk group than those in the low-risk group, and RiskScore was positively correlated with the expression of CD276, TNFSF4, PDCD1LG2, CD274, and TNFRSF9, and negatively correlated with the expression of CD40LG and TNFSF15. The scRNA-seq analysis showed that RORA and KLF10 were mainly expressed in natural killer cells. Conclusion The prognostic model based on seven feature circadian rhythm genes has certain predictive value for predicting survival of LUAD patients. Dysregulated expression of circadian genes may regulate the occurrence, progression as well as prognosis of LUAD through affecting TME, which provides a possible direction for finding potential strategies for treating LUAD from the perspective of mechanism by which circadian disorder affects immune cells.
